Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah

somiartha Analysis Of Factors That Affect The Sustainability Of Village-Owned Enterprises In The Improvement Of Village Economic Development In The Lombok Utara Regency

putu somiartha

The aims of this research are to analyze the direct and indirect effects of managerial competency characteristics, marketing mix, social capital, and the sustainability of BUM Desa enterprises on economic development in Lombok Utara Regency. Additionally, examine the social capital determinants that moderate the impact of managerial competency on the sustainability of BUM Desa enterprises in Lombok Utara Regency. This study employs an associative quantitative research design. This research was carried out in 43 villages within Lombok Utara Regency, with a total sample of 215 from 43 BUM Desas across these villages. The SEM-PLS method is employed for data analysis. The research findings indicate that management competency, marketing mix, social capital, and the sustainability of BUM Desa enterprises do not significantly influence the performance of village development in Lombok Utara Regency. Social capital significantly moderates the impact of managerial ability on the success of BUM Desa. The findings of this research are anticipated to enhance theoretical understanding of the mechanisms of social capital, particularly how prolonged retention greatly moderates the impact of managerial competency on the performance of BUM Desa.

The Effect of Product Knowledge, Religiosity and Electronic Word Of Mouth on Brand Switching on Unilever Products

Irna Wijana Imran

The recent global boycott movement has impacted several multinational companies, including Unilever. In response, many Indonesian consumers have begun to limit their purchase of Unilever products, which they perceive as supporting unethical practices, opting instead for alternative brands. This study aims to examine the influence of Product Knowledge (X1), Religiosity (X2), and Electronic Word of Mouth (X3) on Brand Switching (Y) among Unilever consumers in Ambon City. Using a purposive sampling method, a quantitative survey was conducted with 100 respondents who have previously used Unilever products. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23, employing multiple linear regression techniques. Findings reveal that Product Knowledge has an insignificant negative effect on Brand Switching, whereas Religiosity and Electronic Word of Mouth have a significant positive influence. The model accounts for 64.8% of the variance in Brand Switching, suggesting that other factors also contribute. These findings offer insights into the key drivers behind brand-switching behaviour in the context of social activism, emphasizing the role of consumer religiosity and online peer influence.

The Effect of Product Knowledge, Religiosity and Electronic Word Of Mouth on Brand Switching on Unilever Products

Irna Wijana Imran

The recent global boycott movement has impacted several multinational companies, including Unilever. In response, many Indonesian consumers have begun to limit their purchase of Unilever products, which they perceive as supporting unethical practices, opting instead for alternative brands. This study aims to examine the influence of Product Knowledge (X1), Religiosity (X2), and Electronic Word of Mouth (X3) on Brand Switching (Y) among Unilever consumers in Ambon City. Using a purposive sampling method, a quantitative survey was conducted with 100 respondents who have previously used Unilever products. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23, employing multiple linear regression techniques. Findings reveal that Product Knowledge has an insignificant negative effect on Brand Switching, whereas Religiosity and Electronic Word of Mouth have a significant positive influence. The model accounts for 64.8% of the variance in Brand Switching, suggesting that other factors also contribute. These findings offer insights into the key drivers behind brand-switching behaviour in the context of social activism, emphasizing the role of consumer religiosity and online peer influence.

To earn or to be productive? A case of working married women in Tanah Datar

Fajar Wisga Permana

Female’s job participation and productivity are commonly found to be rather unique and not necessarily depends on certain factors assumed to be dominant in conventional ways. We would like to investigate in Tanah Datar, where pathriarcal values are highly held by the society, if the widely-known factors of human capital are still relevant to explain the dynamics of female’s job participation, earning and productivity, especially for those who have been married. By using the dataset of Sakernas (National Labor Force Survey) 2023 and taking into account the exclusion of selection bias in our model, we find that married women in Tanah Datar do not always consider to be engaged and productive at work using their human capital. In fact, our findings suggest that even if the human capital factors are relevant, the amount of earning matters still more than productivity, especially for those relatively lower in human capital level.

Exploring the Relationship between the Gender Inequality indicators on Income per capita in Indonesia: An Empirical Analysis of 34 Provinces in 2017-2021

Vinny Dwi Melliny

Gender inequality remains a pervasive problem in Indonesia, with significant gaps in women's labor force participation, education, and economic outcomes. This paper aims to identify the factors affecting income per capita in Indonesia and explore the relationship between gender inequality and economic growth. Using panel data regression analysis, we find both male variable and female variable in gender inequality indicators have a significant positive effect on income per capita and are explained in Modelsodel. To reduce gender inequality, we propose policies such as increasing access to education and training for women, promoting women's entrepreneurship, strengthening social protection programs for vulnerable women, and implementing affirmative action in the workplace. These policies are based on successful examples from other countries, such as Sweden, Norway, and Rwanda. By implementing these policies, Indonesia can promote gender equality and achieve more inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

Gender Inequality and Food Security in Rice-Farming Households: The Role of Decision-Making and Resource Access in Jambi Province, Indonesia

Junaidi Junaidi

This study investigates the impact of gender inequality in decision-making on food security among rice-farming households in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Gender disparities, particularly in access to resources and agricultural decision-making, influence household food security and productivity. The study analyzes 214 households across selected villages in Jambi Province by employing a two-stage stratified sampling method and using a combination of primary household survey data and secondary data from related institutions. Findings reveal that households with male-dominated decision-making tend to experience higher food security. In contrast, households led by females or joint decision-making face more challenges, particularly in resource access. Key assets such as land ownership and the educational level of the household head significantly support food security. At the same time, access to market information also plays a positive, albeit not always significant, role. Conversely, participation in training programs without accompanying resource support and involvement in off-farm employment show limited benefits or even negative impacts on food security. The study concludes that gender-inclusive policies, particularly those improving women’s access to education, land, credit, and market information, are essential for enhancing household food security. Recommendations include the development of targeted microcredit programs, integrated training with resource access, and policy support for collaborative decision-making at the household level. By addressing gender disparities in resource access and decision-making, this research aims to contribute to sustainable food security improvements within the rural agricultural communities of Jambi Province.

Socio-economic Determinants of Subjective Well-Being Among the Older Population in Jambi Province

Hardiani Hardiani

This study aims to analyze the subjective well-being of older people in Jambi Province and the socio-economic factors influencing it. This research uses survey data from a number of elderly respondents to measure subjective well-being through indicators of life satisfaction, health, and social support. The findings indicate that the level of subjective well-being among older people is influenced by factors such as education, family roles, and support from family members and the surrounding community. Elderly individuals with higher education levels and the role of head of household tend to have better subjective well-being. Social support, especially from family, plays a crucial role in maintaining the quality of life for older people. However, elderly individuals without a steady income or old-age benefits experience a decline in life satisfaction. Based on these results, this study suggests enhancing social security programs and specialized health support for older people in Jambi Province to improve their well-being in later life.

SME Product Development Strategy in International Business Context and Its Relationship with Business Performance: A Systematic Literature Review

L Jatmiko Jati

This study aims to analyze the product development strategy of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the context of international business and its relationship with business performance. With a literature review approach, this study has collected 38 literatures to be analyzed using the content analysis stage. The results of the study indicate that SME product development in an international context requires 8 specific strategies including cultural/market adaptation, collaboration and partnership, product quality standardization, product differentiation & specialization, technology utilization, product innovation, supply chain optimization, and product diversification. This study also found that among the 8 strategies, the cultural/market adaptation strategy is the strategy that is most proposed by previous literature. The relationship between product development and SME business performance is very significant, with improving product quality and adjusting to international market needs as key factors for success.

National Energy Security: An Analysis of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption at the Regional Level in Indonesia

Anna Yulianita

Based on regional division, final energy consumption in 2022 is still concentrated in the Java-Bali region whose share reaches 54 percent of Indonesia's total final energy consumption. Based on this phenomenon, the study aims to analyze how Regional Energy Security is reviewed from Economic Growth and Energy Consumption at the Regional Level in Indonesia. The study will test three main hypotheses, namely the growth hypothesis, the conservative hypothesis and the neutrality hypothesis which are divided into regional classifications, namely Sumatra Island, Java Island, Bali Island and NTT, Sulawesi Island and Maluku Island and Papua using the Granger Panel Causality analysis technique. The results of this study support the growth hypothesis, namely that an increase in energy consumption, especially electricity, has a significant effect on increasing economic growth. Bali & Nusa Tenggara, which is dominated by the tourism and service sectors, the Conservative hypothesis is more relevant. In the Maluku & Papua region, the Neutrality Hypothesis is more relevant, where energy consumption does not show a strong relationship with economic growth.

From Cultural Heritage to Sustainable Industry:

I Dewa Ayu Made Natasah Dewani

The green economy is one of the dimensions of sustainable development that provides a comprehensive idea for achieving sustainability goals. The Gringsing textile industry in Bali offers a unique opportunity to align traditional crafts with green economic principles. This research aims to examine the opportunities and challenges of sustainability of Gringsing textile production in Tenganan through the perspective of green economic principles by using the MULTIMOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis plus Full Multiplicative Form) method to evaluate environmental, economic, and social impacts. The research results show three opportunities for the sustainability of Gringsing textile production: market expansion, innovation, and policy support from the government. The sustainability challenges of Gringsing textile production are high production costs, market competition, and resource availability.

Testing the Contribution of Unemployment Rate as a Mediator between SMEs and Economic Growth

Malik Cahyadin

Increased economic growth and reduced unemployment in developing countries can be reinforced by better business quality of SMEs. SMEs are the dominant business scale in Indonesia's industrial structure. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship of SMEs to economic growth with unemployment rates as a moderating variable in West Java, Central Java, and East Java Provinces during 2015-2022. Structural Equation Modeling was applied to 96 observations. The findings reveal that the number of SME business units has a significant and negative impact on the unemployment rate, while total assets has a positive impact. In addition, a decrease in the unemployment rate has a beneficial effect on increasing economic growth following Okun's Law with a relatively low level of magnitude. The government is encouraged to improve the facilitation of SMEs' business development, starting by improving production process standards, availability of business capital, and market access. This facilitation is better known as UMKM Naik Kelas (SMEs Scale Up).

Agency Cost and Financial Performance of Quoted Firms in Nigeria

MAYOWA ARIYIBI

The overall financial performance of a corporate entity, has continually been affected by the costs that is expended through the notion of aligning the interest of the managers and the agency, has proposed by the agency cost theory in corporate finance palace. Based on the inconclusiveness in literature, this study examines into the impact of agency cost on financial performance of quoted firms in Nigeria. The study conceptualized and empirical examined the impact of monitoring cost (asset utilization), audit fee (contracting cost) and operating ratio (bonding cost) on the book-based (return on equity) and market-based (earnings per share). The secondary data was sourced from audited financial statement of ten industrial and manufacturing companies listed on the Nigeria stock exchange group from the period of 2019 to 2023. The findings from the GMM (Generalized Method of Moment) revealed for the model one that asset utilization (monitoring cost), Audit fee (contracting cost) and operating expenses ratio (bonding costs) has positive significant effect on return on equity. Model two revealed that asset utilization (monitoring cost), Audit fee (contracting cost) has positive significant effect on earnings per share. It is therefore concluded that firms should prioritize improving asset utilization as a means of enhancing profitability. Implementing robust monitoring mechanisms to ensure the efficient use of assets can significantly increase both return on equity and earnings per share.

Impact of Inflation, Interest Rates on Global Stock Market with Consumer Confidence Moderation in Five Continents

Ahmad Zidni Nuuron A'la

This study is important because the volatility of the global stock market in the last decade has been influenced by inflation, interest rates, and consumer confidence indexes, especially in the world's major economic countries. This study aims to analyze the effect of inflation and interest rates on the performance of global stock indices with moderation of the consumer confidence index. This type of research is quantitative using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) method. The study population includes five countries representing five continents, namely the United States, the United Kingdom, China, South Africa, and Australia, with a total data of 2400, observations taken from 2014 to 2023. Data were collected secondary from official sources such as central banks and financial institutions of each country. The results of the study show that inflation has a positive effect in several countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, but has a negative impact in China. Interest rates generally have a negative impact on the performance of stock market indices in most countries, but are not significant in the UK and China. The consumer confidence index moderates the effect of inflation and interest rates on index performance varying across countries. The implications of this study provide insight for policy makers and investors in responding to global economic dynamics and the importance of considering consumer confidence in investment strategies.

Impact of social media activity on consumer’s brand trust

Ibrahim Rashid

Social media marketing is an important part of business operations in the modern era. Social media provides businesses with the ability to engage with broader and more diverse customers than the technology before it. Furthermore, social media also shifts the dynamic between firms and customers, especially in terms of relationships between brands and customers. Trust is an important part of these relationships, as it is an important moderator variable that can lead to improvement in business performance. Trust between customers and brands is an antecedent to several beneficial behaviors such as loyalty and purchase. This study aims to interpret and summarize the impact of social media marketing activity on brand trust through a meta-analysis of previous studies. The meta-analysis result shows that there is a significant positive relationship between social media marketing activity and brand trust. Moderator analysis also shows that IT reliance in the industry may moderate this relationship. factors that influence this relationship are then discussed from the communication perspective.

The EXCHANGE RATE IMPACT ON THE SIERRA LEONE BALANCE OF PAYMENT

Ishmael Kamara

The analysis examines the influence of exchange rate swings on Sierra Leone's balance of payments (BOP) from 1980 to 2022. It explores the historical context of Sierra Leone's exchange rate regimes and economic conditions, highlighting the challenges faced due to trade imbalances and external debt. The study uses the ARDL model to analyze the relationship between exchange rates and the BOP, utilizing data from the Bank of Sierra Leone and the World Bank. The findings reveal that exchange rate changes significantly influence Sierra Leone's BOP, with increases in the exchange rate correlating with improvements in the BOP. The study reveals a bidirectional relationship between exchange rates and BOP, suggesting that changes in exchange rates impact BOP and vice versa. The research highlights stable economic policies and controlled devaluation strategies could enhance Sierra Leone's economic stability and attract international investment. Recommendations include implementing suitable foreign exchange policies, managing inflation, and establishing specific exchange rate targets to optimize the payment balance. This investigation emphasizes the significance of exchange rates in macroeconomic policy and their role in shaping Sierra Leone's economic landscape.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF OIL RENT ON LIVING STANDARD IN NIGERIA: AN ARDL APPROACH

ZAKAREE SAHEED

Some countries are naturally blessed with abundant natural resources, from which the government derives revenue for the development of the country. Many other countries who are not so endowed by nature rely on other means to generate income for their developmental drive. However, the disparity in development and living standard in countries cannot be conveniently attributed to unequal distribution of natural resources, rather to effective and efficient utilization of the returns from resources. This study aims at examining the effect of oil rent on living standard in Nigeria, using the Autoregression Distribution Lag (ARDL) model. The findings established a positive long run relationship between Living Standard (LS), Oil Rent (OR) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and negative relationship with Oil price (OP) and Exchange rate (ER). However the relationships are found to be statistically insignificant. Meanwhile, in the short run, the results indicates negative and statistically significant relationship between living standard and Oil rent, Oil price, GDP and Exchange rate. In view of this, the study therefore recommends that government should put all the refineries in an operative state so as to meet the domestic demand of fuel, and as well reduce the cost of fuel importation which tends to take a major part of the country’s earning from oil exports. More so, the earnings from oil exports should be directed towards productive projects that will improve the living standard of the citizens.

Key Words: Living Standard, Natural Resources, Oil Rent and Oil Price

Analysis of Spatial Determination of Small And Medium Enterprises Industries Based on Local Resources

Saraswati Saraswati

Determination of the location of Small and Medium Enterprises Industries must be accompanied by the establishment and spatial planning of industrial areas. Based on the mandate of Law No. 3/2014, the processing of local natural resources through industry must be improved both sectorally and spatially. This study analyzes the spatial determination of small industry centers using several analytical methods, including location quotient (LQ), shift share, accessibility index, completeness of basic infrastructure facilities, site analysis, small industry player participation approach, master plan, and business feasibility or business plan. A Small and Medium Industry Center is a central location for a group of small and medium industries that are separate from residences, produce similar or several types of products, and are located in an area that follows the regional spatial plan. This study produces types of potential local resources, types of small industries, involvement of local communities, spatial determination, master plans, and business feasibility.

The Impact of Institutional Quality, Market and Government Size on Corruption by Countries' Income Category

Hendra Kusuma

The government's openness in managing the economy can boost growth but also create potential for policy abuse. A research study analyzed panel data to investigate the relationship between economic openness and corruption using the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) in 139 countries from 2013 to 2023. The findings indicate that factors such as government integrity and financial freedom influence the CPI across countries with varying income levels. Countries with flexible business regulations, transparent governance, strong legal protections for property, and stable monetary policies tend to have lower levels of public sector corruption. In contrast, financial freedom and investment freedom have a negative impact on CPI. The negative relationship between investment freedom and CPI in lower-middle-income countries shows that in some countries, excessive investment freedom without sufficient regulation can increase opportunities for corruption, perhaps due to a lack of transparency in capital allocation and foreign investment. Conversely, in middle-income countries, recognition of property rights, government integrity, and freedom to invest play vital roles in reducing corruption levels. Overall, the study highlights that reducing the government's involvement in economic management while maintaining effective oversight is crucial for combating corruption.

The Influence of Education and Skills on Women's Labor Force Participation: Human Capital Approach and Leisure Choice Theory

Nisa al iffah

In 2021, the male labor force participation rate in Indonesia will reach 85.21%, while female participation is only 62.63%, showing a gap of 22.58%. This research describes the factors that influence female labor force participation in Indonesia using human capital theory, labor supply theory, and labor Leisure Choice theory. Using the logit method and Sakernas data for August 2021 (sample 393,359 people), it was found that education level, certified training, marital status, ownership of health insurance, and work experience had a significant effect on female labor force participation. Education and training levels weaken positively with increasing work participation. Marital status and possession of health insurance also made positive contributions, indicating the role of social support and financial security. However, the number of working hours and regional classification of residence negatively influenced participation, limiting the challenges of women with high workloads or living in areas with limited economic accessibility. These findings underscore the complexity of factors influencing women's labor force participation in various social and geographic contexts in Indonesia.

EXPLORING RESEARCH TRENDS IN ISLAMIC FINANCE AND INVESTMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY

Husny Gibreel Musa Saleh1 Musa Saleh

This paper provides a thorough bibliometric analysis of Islamic finance and investment, highlighting contributions and trends in the field from 2003 to 2023, using information from the Scopus database and displayed using the VOS viewer software. To chart the present state of international research on Islamic finance and investment, the PRISMA-compliant analysis includes an evaluation of the leading journals, nations, organizations, authors, document counts, and citation frequencies. We analyzed a corpus of 607 scholarly articles and found that Malaysia ranked first with 184 publications. International Islamic University Malaysia was the most productive institution, with 48 documents, and Hassan, M.K., was the most prolific author, with 22 articles and 9,427 citations. The Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research has the highest average citation per item. In contrast, the International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management has the most publications (33). Capital markets, Fintech, mutual funds, Sukuk, Islamic banks, commerce, and investing are some major trends. The results shed light on the industry's regulatory obstacles and provide policy suggestions to advance the growth of Islamic finance and investment and realize its potential advantages. Scholars, policymakers, and practitioners can rely on this bibliometric review as a fundamental resource when navigating the complexities of Islamic finance and investment.

Analysis of Cyclical Unemployment Impacted by Covid-19 in Indonesia: Inter-Island Study Based on 2020 Sakernas Data

Wise Harumi

Cyclical unemployment emerged during the recession due to the Covid-19 pandemic, most of which is temporary unemployment. Temporary unemployment due to Covid-19 is different from permanent unemployment. This research aims at analyzing the risk of individuals across the islands in Indonesia becoming temporarily unemployed (Temporary Layoff) due to Covid-19, followed by analyzing the chances of guarantees of being called back to work (Recall) for the temporarily unemployed. This research is quantitative using micro data from the National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) August 2020 of using Logistic Regression analysis techniques. The results of research on 13,805 samples inter islands in Indonesia show that the risk of residents becoming temporarily unemployed due to Covid-19 is the highest in the island of Bali and Nusa Tenggara. In fact, the risk of becoming temporarily unemployed due to Covid-19 is 4,348 times highest in urban areas in the islands of Bali and Nusa Tenggara compared to other islands in Indonesia. The greatest risk is 1,647 times higher for young residents (15 to 24 years) on the islands of Bali and Nusa Tenggara compared to other islands in Indonesia. This is because the islands of Bali and Nusa Tenggara are the regions with an economic base in the tourism sector. Lockdown policies and social restrictions have almost paralyzed the economic sector on these two tourism islands. The guaranteed chance of being called back to work on the islands of Bali and Nusa Tenggara is 3.9 times, which is also the highest compared to other regions in Indonesia.

Intervention of the Co-Working Space Program in Shaping the Creative Economy Sector in Bandung City: A Case Study in Gedebage and Batununggal Districts

Muhammad Fachry Lubis

This study aims to examine the interaction between actors, focusing on sources of authority, including political, economic, and normative authority, as well as values and beliefs, which are mobilized in the process of forming, implementing, and sustaining the Co-Working Space program in Bandung City, with case studies in Gedebage and Batununggal Districts. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach, and data were collected through purposive sampling and analyzed using NVivo 14 software. The findings reveal that interactions between actors faced challenges such as limited budgets, inconsistent political support, and sectoral egos among government offices, leading to disruptions in program stability and making it difficult for social actors aiming to develop the program to find their working space. Therefore, recommendations to maintain the stability of the CWS program include increasing participation tactics beyond relying on monetary incentives in other programs, strengthening collaboration between local governments, and enhancing the commitment of districts and CWS administrators to understanding and supporting program sustainability. This study has limitations in informant coverage, and future research is recommended to expand the scope and delve deeper into factors influencing inter-agency collaboration beyond their respective program fields and the long-term impact of entrepreneurship training.

Consumption of 3 kg LPG by upper-middle-class households: an economic approach in Bali

Dewa Putu Yudi Pardita

This study highlights subsidized 3 kg LPG by upper-middle-class households in Bali, intended for low-income communities. This research aims to analyze the factors influencing the consumption behavior of 3 kg LPG among upper-middle-class households, focusing on variables such as income, price, convenience, and policy awareness. The mixed-methods approach combines quantitative analysis using Smart PLS 4 and qualitative methods through in-depth interviews. The total sample used is 100 households. Quantitative research results indicate that convenience and price significantly impact awareness but do not significantly affect the consumption level of 3 kg LPG. Income does not show a significant effect on awareness or consumption. Qualitative analysis reveals that the main reasons for using 3 kg LPG are convenience and established habits. The conclusion of this study indicates that, in addition to economic factors, non-economic factors such as habits and personal preferences also play a crucial role in the decision to use 3 kg LPG. These findings provide new insights into consumer behavior literature and emphasize the need for a more comprehensive approach to designing effective energy policies. This research recommends that future energy policies consider the aspects of convenience and consumer habits to guide more efficient and targeted energy use. Furthermore, it is suggested that further research expands the geographical scope and uses a longitudinal approach to observe changes in energy usage behavior over time. Thus, this study contributes to improving energy policy and a better understanding of consumer behavior in the context of energy subsidies in Indonesia.

THE effect of official development assistance on foreign direct investment and domestic investment in Sub-Saharan Africa

DAZOUE DONGUE GUY PAULIN

L’objectif de cet article est d’évaluer l’effet de l’aide publique au développement sur l’investissement en Afrique subsaharienne de 2006 à 2019, en particulier l’investissement intérieur capturé par la formation brute de capital fixe et les flux d’investissements directs étrangers. La méthode DOLS (panel Dynamic Least Squares) a été utilisée pour tester les deux modèles économétriques à l’aide du logiciel Eviews 10. Les résultats des estimations montrent que la variable de l’aide publique au développement a un effet positif sur la formation brute de capital fixe (FBCF) dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne. Une augmentation de 1 % de l’aide publique au développement entraîne une augmentation de 0,76 % de l’investissement intérieur. L’aide publique au développement a également un impact positif sur l’investissement étranger direct (IED). En fait, une augmentation de 1 % de l’APD entraîne une augmentation de 1,10 % de l’IDE. Il semble que l’APD soit plus bénéfique pour l’IED que pour la FBCF dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne. Les gouvernements des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne doivent empêcher que l’investissement intérieur ne soit évincé par l’investissement étranger direct en raison de l’aide publique au développement.

Mots-clés: Aide publique au développement, investissement privé, investissement direct étranger, méthode DOLS.

Unraveling the Poverty-Growth-Inequality Trilemma in South Papua: Merauke, Asmat, Boven Digoel and Mappi Regency

Wayrohi Meilvidiri

This study investigates the complex relationships among economic growth, income inequality, and poverty across four districts in Southern Papua: Merauke, Asmat, Boven Digoel, and Mappi. Utilizing a combination of descriptive analysis, comparative statistics, and regression analysis, the research analyzes economic and social profiles of each district, focusing on per capita expenditure, GDP growth, and the Gini index over time. Findings reveal that while poverty rates remain relatively stable across these districts, significant disparities exist in growth and inequality patterns. Specifically, Merauke and Asmat experience positive economic growth correlated with rising inequality and stagnating poverty, while Boven Digoel and Mappi demonstrate negative correlations between growth and poverty, indicating more inclusive economic benefits. This study highlights a trilemma where efforts to enhance growth must consider their impacts on inequality and poverty. The results of this study highlight the critical importance of formulating contextualized local policies that prioritize community participation, along with targeted programs aimed at enhancing education and skill development. Such initiatives are essential for mitigating economic disparities and fostering sustainable development. Furthermore, the research provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of economic growth, income inequality, and poverty, underscoring the necessity for effective governance in addressing these interconnected challenges.

Problems in the realization of parking tax revenues in Tanjungpinang city

Winata Wira

Two strategies—intensification and extensification—are common ways governments employ to boost tax revenues. Since tax revenues are essential for financing social and economic development (Hillman, 2003), it has led to efforts by the central or local governments to enhance their capability in collecting taxes, as evidenced by the tax to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) ratio. Accordingly, data for 2017–2022 suggests a comparatively decline in the Tanjungpinang city’s ability to gather parking tax earnings. Given the number of parking taxpayers as a determinant of revenue, our study seeks to explore further the problems that arise by assessing the low tax base, stagnantly low targeting, tax compliance, and evasion issues. In this study, we utilized a qualitative method to analyze legal and policy documents, conduct field research incorporating responses from key informants through in-depth interviews, and assess secondary data. Utilizing the Google Maps application has been beneficial in locating and recognizing businesses that operate parking lots and contributing to the creation of the parking tax base data. Based on the findings of our triangulation analysis, parking revenues from various business sectors and community activities (e.g., banking and finance, trade and retail, tourism and entertainment, health facilities, sports facilities, individual services, accommodation provision, and food and beverage sector) should be capable of increasing by at least nearly threefold the number of parking taxpayers by 2022.

Tools of regional government analysis: an economic policy perspective

Lesmana Rian Andhika

Regional economic growth has a direct impact on increased development and well-being. Local governments frequently utilize aggregate statistical information to strategize and assess economic development. This study investigates scientific analytical methods that local governments might use as a foundation for making policy decisions. This study utilizes systematic reviews and meta-analysis to examine the analytical techniques that local governments can employ to formulate economic growth programs. To ensure the quality of the findings and provide well-reasoned arguments, the search for relevant literature sources follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedure. The study's findings show that local governments face resource constraints that hinder their comprehensive utilization of analytical tools. The study's findings suggest that local governments do not entirely implement analytical tools due to resource constraints. Two issues that have been recognized are the absence of dependable human resources and the presence of bureaucratic pathology. However, these challenges can be resolved by partnering with higher education institutions or offering structured education and training programs. Ultimately, these analytical tools can visually represent data and provide comprehensive insights as a scientific foundation for policy development. Furthermore, future researchers can investigate alternative analytical instruments to give policymakers various choices.

Driving Behavior Driving Behavior And Tourist Experience Study of Bandung Metropolitan Area

Rina Novianty

A city or an area prioritizing tourism activities should pay close attention to the traffic condition. This study attempts to examine the relationship between driving behavior and tourist experience using the case of Bandung metropolitan area, West Java, Indonesia. We distributed an online questionnaire to 300 respondents from two groups of respondents with an equal proportion. First is tourists who ever visited Bandung and second is Bandung inhabitants driving their cars. Using a descriptive method to elaborate on both variables, followed by Pearson’s Correlation and an independent t-test to clarify its relationship, the result of our research reveals that there is a strong relationship between driving behavior and tourists’ experiences, while the driving behavior is considered as aberrant. The tourists perceived that public transports and orderliness in Bandung are the two most critical things that need to be improved to make the area pleasant for the tourists. Law enforcement is also necessary to ensure that the driving behavior of the inhabitants can be controlled safely.

HERDING BEHAVIOR HERDING BEHAVIOR ON THE STOCK EXCHANGE WHEN DAILY MARKET VOLATILITY IS HIGH

Rina Novianty

The aim of this research is to observe herding behavior on the Indonesian Stock Exchange when daily market volatility is high during 2021-2023. Herding behavior arises when there is high volatility (1). High share price volatility indicates unusual characteristics of supply and demand for shares in the capital market (2). Typically over the last century, stocks moved less than 1 percent up or down in daily trading (3). Herding behavior is observed when daily market volatility is outside unusual conditions, namely when market volatility rises or falls above 1%. Market volatility is represented by the Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG). The research objects are grouped into 3 parts, namely large capitalization shares represented by the IDX30 index constituents, small and medium capitalization shares represented by the PEFINDO25 index constituents, and a combination of the two index constituents. The Cross-Sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD) method is used to find the value of return dispersion from various stock capitalizations (4). Multiple regression analysis is used to see the relationship between variables. The research showed that no herding behavior was found in the 3 research groups. This means that Indonesian Stock Exchange investors during the observation period were rational in making investment decisions.

The Role of Government Incentives for Electric Vehicles and How It Affect Customer Intention

suyono saputra

The study aims to analyze the factors that influence the intention to buy electric vehicles after implementing financial incentives. The study uses the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM), as well as extensions of the TPB theory, including consumer knowledge, perceived risk, and incentives. Data were collected from 384 respondents who use EVs, and those who have not yet purchased EVs in Batam City. This study proves that attitudes insignificantly affect the intention to buy an EV, while perceived usefulness has insignificant effect on attitude. It also found consumer knowledge and financial incentives significantly affect the attitude and intention and perceived risk has negative effect on attitude and intention to buy EV. The implications for the policy of providing incentives need to consider the benefit obtained by consumers in the long term

Human Capital and Gender Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa

Sabine Nadine EKAMENA NTSAMA

The objective of this study is to determine the conditional impact of human capital on gender wage inequality in sub-Saharan Africa. We use a sample of 30 countries between 1995 and 2015. Moreover, we consider the quantile model of instrumental variables of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2008); while using the Kaplan (2022) estimator. Next, human capital is measured by the Barro and Lee (2015) indicator, which determines the educational attainment of women aged 15-64. The estimates show that human capital reduces gender inequality in all quantiles in Sub-Saharan Africa (lower quantile 0.25; middle quantile 0.5 and upper quantile 0.75). Moreover, when analyzed by subregion, only the lower (0.25) and middle (0.5) quantiles in Central Africa show an increase in the gender wage gap. Furthermore, using the Peen World Table indicator as a measure of human capital, the results obtained confirm those obtained by Barro and Lee (2015). To check the robustness of our results, we used two-stage least squares estimation, two-stage generalized moments in system, and simultaneous quantile regression. The results are consistent with those obtained using the Kaplan quantile estimator (2022) for instrumental variable smoothing.

The Impact of Structural Change on Income Inequality in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province

Fajriana Fadhlul Fikri

The Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) Province exhibits the highest level of income inequality in Indonesia. The government of DIY has designed an economic development strategy that prioritizes education and tourism, which encourages changes in the economic structure from the agricultural sector to the service sector. The strategy is expected to enhance the community's welfare. However, empirical evidence suggests these efforts have not effectively reduced income inequality in the DIY Province. This study aims to ascertain the condition and impact of structural changes on income inequality in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) between 2013 and 2023. This study employs two analytical techniques: shift-share analysis and panel data regression with a Random Effect Model (REM). The findings indicate that structural change from agriculture to the service sector exerts a positive and statistically significant effect on income inequality. Conversely, structural change from agriculture to industry has no significant impact on income inequality.

The Role Of Youth In The Development Of Sriwijaya Village In Kuala Simpang District, Aceh Tamiang District, Aceh Province

Ahmad Gadeng

Youth are the next generation of the nation whose presence is very important in every region, however the phenomenon that occurs in Sriwijaya Village is that only a portion of youth play an active role in various community activities. In fact, the large number of young people in Sriwijaya Village can be a big advantage, and can be put to good use for future progress. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction techniques, data display and verification and confirmation of conclusions. The results of this research are 1) Sriwijaya Village Youth carry out the role of dynamists, seen from mobilizing the community to participate in village development planning deliberations, mobilizing the community to provide input in village planning development deliberations, and mobilizing the community to be involved in decision making at village development planning deliberations. 2) The youth of Sriwijaya Village carry out the role of motivator, as can be seen from the role of youth who are very active in youth organizations by inviting residents to work together in the village and are also involved in village security. 3) Sriwijaya Village youth carry out the role of innovators, as can be seen from the youth creating online discussion groups related to village development planning, carrying out sports activities for positive youth activities in regional development planning. 4) The youth of Sriwijaya Village carry out a catalyst role as seen from the youth looking for what is lacking in Sriwijaya Village and then creating activities to overcome these deficiencies, such as holding leadership training and participating in these activities. Finally, the youth of Sriwijaya Village contributed greatly to village development. Remembering that the progress and decline of Sriwijaya Village in the future really depends on the current condition of the youth.

The Role of Financial Development and Capital Formation in Promoting Renewable Energy in Bangladesh

Jannat Rahat Jui

Bangladesh, rich in various resources, stands at a pivotal point where the sustainable use of renewable energy can be significantly increased. This study focuses on analyzing the impact of financial development (FD), foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth, carbon dioxide emissions, and capital formation on renewable energy consumption in Bangladesh. Using time series data from 1991 to 2020 and employing the ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of these factors. The results reveal a long-term positive relationship between financial development and capital formation with renewable energy consumption, while FDI and economic growth do not significantly influence renewable energy use in the long run. Conversely, carbon dioxide emissions negatively impact renewable energy consumption in both the short and long term. The short-term analysis further indicates a negative relationship between capital formation, FDI, and renewable energy consumption, but financial development shows a positive and significant impact. These findings emphasize the need to enhance our understanding of the role of capital formation and financial development in promoting renewable energy, not just in Bangladesh but also in other developing and developed nations. To curb environmental damage and increase the use of renewable energy, eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and introducing a carbon tax on non-renewable energy use is crucial. Furthermore, Bangladeshi policymakers should advocate for green financing and allocate more funds to clean renewable energy projects, laying the groundwork for a robust renewable energy economy.

ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF OIL RENT AND LIVING STANDARD IN NIGERIA

ZAKAREE SAHEED

Key Words: Living Standard, Natural Resources, Oil Rent and Oil Price

Circular Economy Business Model of Dairy Farming in Sarangan with Business Canvas

Kusnul Ciptanila Yuni K

The government is concerned about implementing the circular economy in Indonesia, as evidenced by the master plan until 2025. This research aims to develop the local economy with environmental sustainability and increase the income and welfare of farmers through resource optimization and waste minimization. Research uses qualitative methods with exploratory design, designs an optimal Circular Business Model Canvas with expert opinions, calculates predictions of the feasibility of new revenues from the redesign, and connects the circular economy with the Sustainable Development Goals. The implementation of CBMC demonstrates the integration of circular economy principles into farm operations, incorporating key elements such as environmentally conscious customer segments, eco-friendly dairy product value propositions, and partnerships with suppliers and local communities. The results include improved operational efficiency, reduced costs, increased profitability, and positive environmental impacts in the form of reduced greenhouse gas emissions and solid waste. The business model aims to showcase innovation in enhancing efficiency and sustainability within the dairy farming industry. Circular economy master plan focuses on manufacturing, while this research fills a gap in the agribusiness, especially livestock.

Silmutaneous Elections for Budget Efficiency as a Manifestation of Fairness Democracy

Yenita

The general elections in Indonesia, which serve as a primary determinant of democracy, face post-COVID-19 pandemic challenges. This research evaluates the efficiency, implementation, and impact of Law Number 7 of 2017 and Law Number 10 of 2016 concerning the simultaneous elections in 2024. The research focuses on financing efficiency, implementation evaluation, and a comparison with non-simultaneous elections. The study employs a descriptive-analytical and qualitative approach, emphasizing legal principles using responsive law theory and progressive law theory. Results indicate the successful implementation of Law Number 7 of 2017 in the 2019 simultaneous elections, enhancing efficiency through cost and time savings. Challenges like logistics and voter data updates require further attention. The synergy between Law Number 10 of 2016 and Law Number 7 of 2017 establishes a robust legal foundation, reinforcing more effective and participative general elections. The interconnection between election laws and simultaneous elections strengthens the basis for better general election administration. Improvements in addressing challenges and ensuring regulatory consistency should be the focus for enhanced future general elections.

THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON SMALL AND MEDIUM MICRO ENTERPRISES IN TAMAN CIBEUNYING

Chekas Wildhan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh teknologi informasi terhadap kinerja Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Taman Cibeunying, Bandung. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari sejumlah pemilik UMKM terkait penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam operasional bisnis mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman teknologi informasi berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap peningkatan efisiensi operasional, peningkatan penjualan, dan perluasan jangkauan pasar. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan bagi pemangku kepentingan mengenai pentingnya mendukung infrastruktur teknologi bagi UMKM di kawasan ini.Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan bagi para pelaku UMKM dalam pemanfaatan teknologi informasi untuk pengembangan bisnis mereka.

Kata kunci : efisiensi, peningkatan, perluasan, teknologi

Determinants of Fraud Prevention (Empirical Study on the Papua Provincial Government and Keerom Regency)

Syaikhul Falah

This study was conducted with the aim of empirically proving the influence of internal control, risk management, and whistleblowing system on fraud prevention. This kind of research is quantitative in nature, and all of the data used in the study came from questionnaires that were given to participants. The population of the study is employees who work as auditors at the Papua Provincial Inspectorate and Keerom Regency Inspectorate offices. The software used to process the data in this study is WarpPls 7.0, data processing is carried out from outer model testing, inner model testing, and hypothesis testing. The results of data processing in this study are that internal control and whistleblowing system have a positive and significant effect on fraud prevention at the Papua Provincial Inspectorate and Keerom Regency Inspectorate, while risk management does not have a significant effect on fraud prevention. This variable cannot be considered an accurate representation of the risk management conditions at the Papua Provincial Inspectorate office and the Keerom Regency Inspectorate towards fraud prevention.

Community Based Tourism Model in Pagar Batu Village, Sumenep in Managing Bukit Tawap Tourism Using the Degree of Citizen Power Approach

Ach. Zuhri

The aim of this research is to implement management of Bukit Tawap Community Based Tourism based on Degrees of Citizen Power, as well as to construct a model for managing Bukit Tawap natural tourism based on community participation (Community Based Tourism (CBT)) using the Degrees of Citizen Power approach. This research is a type of participatory descriptive qualitative research using a participatory phenomenological approach and an FGD approach. Data analysis techniques are assisted using Atlas.Ti software so that researchers can carry out more organized, systematic, effective and efficient data analysis in research. The results of this research are that the implementation of Bukit Tawap tourism in Pagar Batu Village is based on the community's spirit of mutual cooperation and is facilitated by the village government. Capacity building activities have been carried out such as tourism management, service delivery and promotion to improve the skills needed for sustainable development. The main challenge in managing community-based tourism is changing mindsets and improving coordination patterns between parties. The model construction was created as an effort to adapt to the conditions and needs that occur in the Bukit Tawap tourist area by considering the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges, then building an institutional coordination framework that must be owned by the village government and Bukit Tawap tourism managers based on participation

Economic Growth, Investment and Employment in the Border Province of Indonesia-Malaysia

Fariastuti Djafar

This research examines the cointegration and causality among investment, employment and economic growth and the effect of investment and employment on economic growth in West Kalimantan. The study used secondary data covering 14 districts/cities for ten years (2013-2022) and employed the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) in the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) framework. The research found that investment, employment and economic growth are cointegrated; investment and employment have a positive and significant effect on economic growth; there is a bi-directional causality between investment and economic growth, one-directional causality from employment to economic growth, while investment causes economic growth through employment.

STABILITY ISLAMIC BANK IN INDONESIA; ROA AND RISK PROFILE AS A VARIABLE

iqra wiarta Wiarta

This research focuses on the issue of sustainability of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The main issue in the ability of Islamic banks to maintain stability can be seen in the bank's ability to generate profits every year. This research analyzes the influence of NPL, CAR and ROA on the stability of Sharia Banks in Indonesia. The research object is PT. Bank Muamalat Tbk. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with the analytical tool namely multiple linear regression. The research results show that risk profile and ROA have a significant effect on the stability of Islamic banks in Indonesia.

The Impact of Underground Economy Activities on the Local Economy in the Border Area of North Central Timor District and Oecusse Enclave - Timor Leste

Frederic Nalle

The border areas of North Central Timor District and the Oecusse Enclave are geographically difficult to monitor and are often the site of underground economic activities. Limited access to formal employment and high costs of official transactions encourage local people to engage in illegal trade. This research aims to understand the impact of underground economic activities on the local economy in the border region. Using a qualitative approach, this research examines economic, social, and security aspects. The results show that underground economic activities have a significant impact on the local economy. From an economic perspective, this activity provides additional income for people who do not have access to formal employment, but it is detrimental to the overall economy. From a social aspect, underground economic activities increase crime rates and erode social and moral values. From a security aspect, this activity adds to the challenges of law enforcement. Large and difficult-to-monitor border areas are fertile ground for various illegal activities. To overcome the negative impacts of underground economic activities, a comprehensive and coordinated policy is needed. Increased border surveillance and patrols with advanced technology, as well as cooperation between Indonesia and Timor Leste in law enforcement, are essential. Economic empowerment programs, educational campaigns, capacity building, and facilities for security forces are also steps that need to be taken.

Digital Transformation and Financial Inclusion: Empirical Study of MSMEs in Indonesia

Gustriani

The application of digitalization in MSMEs has been pivotal, empowering these enterprises to excel in a more competitive and ever-evolving business environment. This research, utilizing data from a survey involving 5,553 MSMEs, investigates how digitalization influences financial inclusion and the productivity of these enterprises. Results show that digitalization decreases MSMEs' reliance on traditional banking systems for credit, thereby improving access to alternative funding sources through internet-based technologies. Furthermore, technological advancements increase bank loans and MSME productivity, overcoming traditional obstacles to financial inclusion and reaching underserved MSME sectors. Having an official business status encourages structured operations, positively impacting MSME performance, whereas the age of the business alone doesn't ensure heightened productivity. Significantly, enhanced financial management skills gained through training reduce MSMEs' reliance on traditional bank financing. The study also underscores the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic—such as lockdowns, disruptions in supply chains, and shifts in consumer behaviors—which resulted in decreased MSME productivity.

Rising above the tide: enhancing urban resilience through the Blue Deal Partnership in Semarang

Amalia Izah Harinda

This study evaluates the Blue Deal Partnership between Semarang, Indonesia, and the Netherlands, focusing on urban sustainability challenges. The urgency lies in addressing increasing flood risks in coastal cities like Semarang due to climate change and land subsidence. Leveraging Dutch water management expertise, the partnership aims to enhance flood control systems, improve wastewater treatment, and develop climate-resilient urban areas. This study uses descriptive-qualitative methods. Sources comes from articles, news, and documents that still in-line with this theme. Results show significant improvements in Semarang's flood resilience and urban sustainability, with successful implementation of polder systems, enhanced wastewater treatment capacity, and increased community involvement. Despite adaptation challenges, the partnership demonstrates that international collaborations can yield innovative, context-specific solutions, strengthening the city's water resource management. This research underscores the potential for replicating such models in other coastal cities facing similar sustainability challenges.

Collaborative Financing in Supporting the Slum Upgrading Program (Case Study: Kampong Mojo, Surakarta, Indonesia)

Hakimatul Mukaromah

Financing the upgrading of slum settlements in urban areas presents a significant challenge. The limited government budget and the relatively low economic capacity of the residents necessitate a financing scheme that is viable for all parties involved. Conversely, there are several potential sources of financing available as alternatives for urban development. This article aims to explore how the collaborative financing scheme employed in the slum upgrading of Kampung Mojo, a slum area, effectively supports the area to become a transformation of the area into a livable settlement. The research methodology utilized is a case study, where data is collected through observation, document analysis, and interviews. The analysis encompasses the following stages: 1) identification of the slum settlement planning process; 2) analysis of the collaborative process in financing the slum settlement planning; 3) analysis of the opportunities and challenges associated with collaborative financing schemes in promoting the sustainability of slum settlement planning. The findings of the study demonstrate that the existence of a collaborative financing scheme, involving various stakeholders, enhances the likelihood of successful financing and improves access to livable settlements, particularly for low-income communities residing in slum areas.

Empowering Minds: The Role of Gender Responsive Curriculum in Transforming Indonesian Universities

Heriberta Heriberta

The implementation of a gender-responsive curriculum promotes the enhancement of management quality and teaching processes at every educational unit, aiming to improve the overall quality of education. This study, which is a continuation of previous research, focuses on the development of academic manuscripts and gender-responsive curriculum models. It now seeks to conduct a more in-depth evaluation from the planning stage, implementation, to the evaluation of the learning process by referring to the principles of gender equality curriculum. This research also qualitatively explores the implementation of a gender-responsive curriculum applied in the learning process in Indonesia. The research method used is a focus group discussion attended by 10 respondents through interviews and observations, utilizing these instruments to gather information. Structured interviews also included senior officials in student affairs and alumni, the women's empowerment agency, and the police. Based on the research findings, criteria for a gender-responsive curriculum with equality principles were obtained for several courses in various study programs. The study suggests revising some semester-long course plans in several study programs to be gender-responsive and adjusting the criteria for a gender-responsive curriculum to align with gender equality principles. Future plans include implementing changes in some courses by incorporating gender-responsive materials into the semester course plans at the university level.

The Role of Pertamina's CSR in transforming the creativity and innovation of Jambi Batik craftsmen at home

Heriberta Heriberta

Programs for alleviating poverty and improving people's welfare are the responsibility of all components of civil society and the private sector, encouraging productive participation in economic and creativity-based community movements for the benefit of all. Pertamina's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program exemplifies this commitment by aiming to be a socially responsible community partner. Pertamina allocates funds, resources, and expertise to the communities it serves, creating a sustainable environment for batik in line with the triple bottom line principle (people, profit, and planet). As a public company, Pertamina is required to allocate part of its profits to CSR programs. This research aims to identify the problems and obstacles faced by craftsmen and the government in developing Jambi batik, and to understand the role of CSR in transforming the creativity and innovation of home-made Jambi batik into a cultural asset for the people of Jambi. It also examines government policies for developing Jambi batik that adhere to the triple bottom line principle to maintain sustainability. Pertamina's CSR funds, following this principle, aim to enhance community expertise, improve skills, and support batik-related activities within the community, which is crucial for preserving Indonesian culture. The rise of imitation batik, both locally and internationally, significantly impacts batik craftsmen in Jambi Province. Therefore, developing batik centers is essential to ensure that Jambi batik remains recognized and valued. However, these centers face challenges, particularly limited funding, which restricts production capacity. Hence, financial support from local governments and companies is highly beneficial.

REGRESI ROBUST DALAM MENGATASI DATA PENCICILAN (PENGARUH TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA, INFLASI, DAN UPAH MINIMUM TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI SUMATERA UTARA)

Nurdini

This research aims to determine the correlation between the influence of the open unemployment rate, inflation and the minimum wage on income inequality in North Sumatra considering that in 2023 the Gini ratio tends to be high. The research method used is Robust Least Square Regression for installment data. The MM estimation model was found to be more dominant with a level of 88%. Showing that X1 and X3 has an effect on Y. Therefore, the solution offered is a minimum wage policy that is implemented better so as to reduce income inequality in North Sumatra.

Keywords: Gini ratio, installments, Robust Least Square

TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA, INFLASI, DAN UPAH MINIMUM TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI SUMATERA UTARA PERIODE 2014-2023

Nurdini

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara pengaruh tingkat pengangguran terbuka, inflasi, dan upah minimum terhadap ketimpangan pendapatan sumatera utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah Regresi Linier Berganda yang diolah menggunakan software eviews 10 . Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis asosiatif, dengan populasi dari laporan BPS Sumatera Utara tahun 2014-2023. Hasil Menunjukkan bahwa Tingkat Pengangguran terbuka dan upah minimum berpengaruh pada Ketimpangan pendapatan. Maka dari itu solusi yang ditawarkan ialah kebijakan penetapan pemerataan pekerjaan dan penetapan gaji yang diterapkan lebih baik lagi sehingga mampu mengurangi ketimpangan pendapatan di Sumatera Utara.

Kata kunci : Kebijakan, Korelasi, Sumatera Utara

S.ST, M.E Partisipasi Penduduk Lanjut Usia Bekerja dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhinya di Provinsi Jambi

Eva Riani Riani

In 2023, the percentage of the elderly population in Jambi Province reached 10.23 percent, classifying it as an "ageing population." This study aims to provide an overview of the participation of the elderly population in Jambi who are employed and to examine the factors that influence the elderly population who are actively working in Jambi Province. The research method used is descriptive and inferential analysis, employing the binary logistic regression statistical method and utilizing data from the October 2023 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) of Jambi Province. The findings of this study show that the main activity of most of the elderly population in Jambi Province is work (53.40%). The characteristics of the working elderly population are predominantly those living in rural areas, male, have a junior high school education or below, have no physical barriers, and are married with a role in the family as the head of the household, which increases the likelihood of continuing to work in old age. The agricultural sector ranks first in absorbing elderly workers in Jambi, reaching 69.64%. It is followed by the trade sector, which accounts for 10.95%. These two employment sectors do not require specific educational qualifications, as they generally demand physical strength more than formal educational certificates.

Pada tahun 2023 persentase penduduk lanjut usia di Provinsi Jambi mencapai 10,23 persen atau dikatakan Penduduk Tua / ageing population. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran partisipasi penduduk lanjut usia di Jambi dengan status bekerja dan mengkaji faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penduduk lanjut usia yang aktif bekerja di Provinsi Jambi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensia yang menggunakan metode statistik regresi logistik biner dengan memanfaatkan data hasil Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas) Oktober 2023 Provinsi Jambi. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan utama sebagian besar penduduk lanjut usia di Provinsi Jambi yaitu bekerja (53,40%). Karakteristik penduduk lanjut usia yang bekerja didominasi oleh penduduk lanjut usia yang tinggal di pedesaan, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berpendidikan SMP ke bawah, tidak memiliki hambatan fisik dan berstatus kawin serta hubungan dalam keluarga sebagai kepala rumah tangga mempunyai peluang yang lebih besar masih bekerja di usia lanjutnya. Sektor pertanian merupakan urutan pertama yang menyerap tenaga kerja penduduk lanjut usia Jambi hingga mencapai 69,64%. Diikuti sektor perdagangan diurutan kedua sebesar 10,95%. Kedua sektor lapangan pekerjaan ini tidak begitu menuntut kualifikasi pendidikan tertentu, karena pada umunya lebih dibutuhkan kekuatan fisik daripada ijazah yang dimiliki.

Potential scenario of sustainable tourism through women's empowerment: A SMIC-Prob scenario analysis for Penglipuran Village, Bali, Indonesia

I Gusti Ayu Mira Ananda Putri — 2024-08-31

Penglipuran Village is a popular destination for tourists seeking to experience the essence of Bali. Known for its environmentally friendly settlement, Penglipuran is distinguished by its orderly and symmetrical buildings, each with a uniform main gate called Angkul-Angkul. The community places great value on upholding the honor of women in Bali. The objective of this research is to evaluate the potential scenarios that could empower women in the tourism industry and determine the sensitivity of scenarios that drive tourism sustainability in Penglipuran Village. This was achieved using the SMIC-Prob Expert model. The analysis identified three main priority scenarios: (1) working as usual, (2) improving side businesses, and (3) changing the profession. The results indicate that the scenario combination with the highest probability is "110," with an opportunity size of 0.138. This combination, where women continue to work as usual (PrimJob) and focus on the improvement of side businesses (SidePrim), is the best option for women tourism actors to support the sustainability of tourism in Penglipuran Village. Sensitivity analysis, measured by elasticity, identifies SidePrim as the "prime mover" or main driver of tourism sustainability. By implementing improvements in side businesses, women’s involvement in tourism can significantly contribute to achieving future goals alongside stakeholders and the government.

ANALYSIS OF VILLAGE FUNDS TO IMPROVE RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN PITU VILLAGE , TOBELO TENGA DISTRICT

Ibnu Kanaha

This research aims to analyze the description and explanation of Village Fund Management in the Development of Sumbera Pitu Village. Apart from that, analyze Inhibiting and supporting factors for managing village funds in Pitu Village, Tobelo Tenga District , Regency North Kalmahera. The research method is qualitative description, while the research location In Pitu Village , the research location was determined purposively, with resource persons or informants including, Head of Village, Head of Bumdes, Community of Bumdes Actors. Data collection methods use observation, in-depth interviews , documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used in research uses an interactive perspective method and can be tested for the validity of the data, following the triangulation method , namely, data reduction, data display, data verification, simultaneously with the implementation of inspection techniques for a number of certain criteria. Results of research analysis of Village Fund management in developing Pitu Village resources with an approach to several problems that need to be looked at, 1) Planning 2) Implementation 3) Administration 4 ) Accountability Reporting. has followed the applicable rules in managing Village Funds . Village Fund Management focuses on village development and community empowerment . In carrying out the development of the Village , the development of roads and so on has been carried out to the maximum. Also, in empowering the P Village community , beach tourism is being managed by BUMDes as an effort to empower the community and help the community increase their income. However, it cannot be denied that in 2023 -2024 in managing coastal tourism Pitu Village is not optimal due to the spread of Covid-19 so the government urges the public not to create crowds to avoid the spread. So the management of beach tourism is not optimal. However, the government continues to monitor beach tourism every day to see significant developments.

ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR AND ROLE IN GROSS REGIONAL DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GRDP) IN JAMBI PROVINCE

Suhermanyakub Suherman

This research aims to examine and analyze the GRDP potential of the construction sector in City Districts in Jambi Province and its influence on the GRDP of the construction sector. Analysis tools LQ, DLQ, Klassen Typology, panel data regression. Types of quantitative data via website: https://jambi.bps.go.id. The results of research on the GRDP potential of the construction sector in Jambi Province, the non-based sector is not prospectively advanced but is under pressure. Kerinci Regency, Bungo and Jambi City are prospective base sectors which are rapidly advancing and growing. Merangin Regency, Tebo and Sungai Penuh. The prospective base sector is growing. Sarolangun Regency's base sector is not prospective for development. East Tanjung Jabung and West Tanjung Jabung Regencies The non-base sector is prospectively developing but under pressure. Batanghari Regency, the non-base sector has no prospective development. Muaro Jambi Regency, the non-prospective non-based sector is relatively lagging behind. The partial test results of construction workers, construction service business entities, human development index significantly influence the construction sector GRDP variable while the construction cost index, capital expenditure do not significantly influence the construction sector GRDP variable and the simultaneous test results obtained R2 72.05%.

Model Kinerja Rantai Pasok Kopi Arabika Koperasi Koerintji Barokah Bersama Berbasis Digital

Teguh Tri Handiyanto

Tujuan penelitian: (1) untuk mengetahui sistem rantai pasok kopi arabika; (2) untuk mengetahui kinerja rantai pasok kopi arabika; dan (3) untuk merumuskan model kinerja rantai pasok kopi arabika berbasis digital. Penelitian dilakukan di Koperasi Koerintji Barokah Bersama (KKBB) Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi dengan waktu penelitian selama 6 bulan kalender. Data penelitian bersumber dari data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh langsung dari responden (petani, UPH dan KKBB), sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari literatur, jurnal, dan laporan penelitian dinas instansi terkait. Jumlah Unit Pengolahan Hasil (UPH) yang diambil sebanyak 5 unit dengan jumlah responden 80 petani. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) melalui Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian rantai pasok kopi arabika pada Koperasi Koerintji Barokah Bersama memiliki satu sistem rantai pasok secara utuh dan konsisten mulai dari tingkat petani, UPH, KKBB, dan konsumen akhir (domestik dan ekspor) sesuai dengan kontraktual yang telah disepakati terhadap aliran rantai pasok (produk, dana, dan informasi) dengan nilai kinerja rantai pasok tergolong baik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan faktor manajemen rantai pasok, modal sosial, dan penguatan teknologi informasi secara digital baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja rantai pasok kopi arabika pada Koperasi Koerintji Barokah Bersama.

The impact of the blue economy and renewable energy on CO2 emissions in Indonesia: An ARDL approach

Xenaneira Shodrokova — 2024-08-31

Indonesia, the largest archipelagic country in the world with rich marine biodiversity, has significant potential for developing a blue economy encompassing aquaculture, sustainable fisheries, and maritime tourism. However, if not managed sustainably, these activities could increase CO2 emissions. Indonesia is also among the world's highest emitters of greenhouse gases, largely due to deforestation, forest burning for agriculture, and reliance on fossil fuels in the energy sector. Given global commitments to reducing emissions and mitigating climate change, this research explores how the blue economy and the transition to renewable energy can contribute to lowering CO2 emissions. This study examines both short- and long-term impacts using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The findings reveal that while increased aquaculture production initially reduces CO2 emissions due to efficiency gains and environmentally friendly technologies, its long-term effects are more complex and may lead to higher emissions. On the other hand, renewable energy consumption significantly reduces CO2 emissions in the short and long term. Conversely, higher energy intensity contributes to increased CO2 emissions, which can be mitigated through improved energy efficiency.

k Peningkatan Kinerja Keuangan Daerah untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah Berkelanjutan Pada Kabupaten/Kota Di Provinsi Jambi

Faradilla Herlin

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja keuangan daerah untuk mendukung pengembangan ekonomi daerah yang berkelanjutan pada Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jambi. Pelaksanaan otonomi daerah memerlukan sumber dana, terutama dari Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), untuk membiayai program pembangunan. Akan tetapi, analisis dari tahun 2017-2022 menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata derajat desentralisasi fiskal di daerah ini masih sangat rendah. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada sembilan dari sebelas kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jambi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis data panel dan analisis SWOT, yang disesuaikan menjadi model Dapel SWOT. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari BPS, DJPK Kemenkeu, dan Bappeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kinerja keuangan daerah dapat dicapai melalui strategi yang tepat berdasarkan analisis faktor internal dan eksternal. Model regresi data panel yang digunakan terdiri atas tiga pendekatan, yaitu model Pooled Least Squares, fixed effect, dan random effect. Hasil dari model fixed effect menunjukkan bahwa beberapa variabel independen memiliki pengaruh signifikan pada kinerja keuangan daerah

Financial Sustainability Analysis of Sharia Banking and Factors that Affect It

Ichsan Hamidi

This study aimed to analyze the influence of Return on Assets (ROA), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Financing Deposit Ratio (FDR), Operating Expenses Operating Income (BOPO) on Financial Sustainability Ratio (FSR) of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. The population of this study includes all Islamic Banking companies in Indonesia for the period of 2012-2021. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. Based on predetermined criteria obtained by 6 companies. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the respective Banking website. The analytical method used is panel data regression analysis. The results showed that the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) had positive and insignificant results on the Financial Sustainability Ratio, while the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) had a positive and significant effect on the Financial Sustainability Ratio, In contrast Non Performing Financing (NPF) and Operational Costs and Operating Income (BOPO) have negative and insignificant results on the Financial Sustainability Ratio.

Understanding Qualitative Resear Understanding Qualitative Research: A Review of Lapan et al. (2012) Qualitative Research: An Introduction to Methods and Design

Solomon Terfasa

This article reviews a book entitled, Qualitative Research: An Introduction to Methods and Designs, authored by Lapan, et al. (2012). The reviewers found this book to be an introductory source material for beginner researchers who have limited experience in qualitative research. It can also serve as a supplementary guide for advanced researches who are interested in becoming focused qualitative researchers. We have observed that the book provides explanations of peculiar designs and methodologies other than a mere focus on methods, emphasizing more on philosophical orientations guiding qualitative researchers while depicting uniquely framed newer paradigms. The concepts described in the book are also written in a simple language supported by step-by-step explanations or guides. Thus, we believe that the book contributes to the development of qualitative research as a discipline and beyond an approach. However, while peculiarities of emphasis on methodologies can be considered strengths, excessive indulgence in these paradigmatic orientations to which novice researchers have less exposure may obscure some basics of qualitative research.

The impact of fiscal policy on the underprivileged population in Indonesia

Andrianus Damai — 2024-08-31

This study examines the impact of government spending across various sectors on poverty in Indonesia, motivated by the need to understand how fiscal policies affect the well-being of people experiencing poverty. Using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) models, the findings reveal that government spending on public services, health, education, and social protection significantly affects the number of poor people. However, spending on public services and education shows a positive coefficient, which may result from mandatory spending regulations not directly aimed at improving welfare. In contrast, government spending in the economic sector has an insignificant impact on poverty, indicating that the effects may require more than one period to manifest. Further analysis is necessary to explore this relationship. The consistency of the results was enhanced by incorporating district/city status as a predictor. These findings highlight the need for a more targeted approach to government spending to reduce poverty in Indonesia effectively.

The ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EASE, UTILITY, AND RISK ON THE USE OF THE INDONESIAN STANDARD QUICK RESPONSE CODE (QRIS) AS A PAYMENT SYSTEM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMICS AT TEANOL CAFE IN JAMBI CITY

Alda Mariatul

In line with the increasing development of smartphone use in Indonesia, Bank Indonesia has issued a national QR Code called QRIS with the aim of simplifying digital financial transactions. The aim of this research is to determine the partial and simultaneous influence of convenience, usefulness and risk on the use of QRIS as a payment system at Cafe Teanol, Jambi City. This research uses quantitative research with the population of Cafe Teanol consumers in Jambi City using QRIS, the sampling method uses purposive sampling, determining the number of samples using the Slovin formula with a result of 100 respondents. Data collection uses a questionnaire. The data from the questionnaire was processed using SmartPLS 3. The research results show that QRIS is permitted in Islam because regarding the use of non-cash payments as long as no one is harmed in the buying and selling then it is legal. And the test results show that the variables of convenience, usefulness and risk have a partial and simultaneous effect on the use of QRIS as a payment system at Cafe Teanol, Jambi City.

Keywords: Use of QRIS, Convenience, Benefits and Risks.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH BERBASIS SEKTOR UNGGULAN DI KABUPATEN MALAKA

Dominggus Bere Nahak

ABSTRAK

Sektor unggulan wilayah menjadi salah satu tumpuhan tolak ukur untuk mengetahui berkembangnya suatu perekonomian daerah. Sektor unggulah menjadi salah satu tumpuhan bagi sektor lain sehingga menjadi pengaruh bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi bagi suatu wilayah. Ada tiga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi sektor yang menjadi sebagai potensi sektor basis dan non-basis dalam perekonomian Kabupaten Malaka, mengidentifikasi sektor yang menjadi potensi sebagai tingkat pertumbuhan dalam perekonomian Kabupaten Malaka, dan Mengidentifikasi sektor-sektor apakah yang menjadi potensi sebagai laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sektor unggulan di Kabupaten Malaka. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Malaka. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis Location Quetient (LQ), analisis Shit Share dan analisis Growth Share. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Location Quetient Kabupaten Malaka dan Provinsi NTT tahun 2014-2022 menunjukan bahwa sektor yang menjadi sektor basis adalah Sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan, sektor industri pengolahan, sektor kontruksi, sektor transportasi dan pergudangan, sektor real estate, sektor administrasi pemerintahan, pertahanan dan jaminan sosial wajib, serta sektor jasa lainnya yang memiliki nilai LQ > 1. Menurut analisis Shift Share semua sektor basis yang dihasilkan oleh analisis LQ semua sektor tersebut memiliki nilai positif (+) yang artinya sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan, sektor industri pengolahan, sektor kontruksi, sektor transportasi dan pergudangan, sektor real estate, sektor administrasi pemerintahan, pertahanan dan jaminan sosial wajib, serta sektor jasa lainnya mengalami kemajuan atau memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan yang baik. Berdasarkan analisis Growth Share pada ketujuh sektor basis dan memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan yang baik (+) adalah terdapat lima (5) sektor yang berpotensi menjadi laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sektor unggulan wilayah atau memiliki nilai Grouth dan Share yang positif (+) yaitu sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan, sektor konstruksi, sektor real estate, sektor transportasi dan pergudangan, sektor jasa perusahaan dan sektor administrasi pemerintahan, pertahanan dan jaminan sosial wajib.

Kata Kunci: Sektor Basis, Pertubuhan Ekonomi dan Laju Pertumbuhan dan Unggulan Wilayah

ANALISIS PENGARUH JUDI ONLINE, BUDAYA DAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA DI KELURAHAN BEIRAFU KECAMATAN ATAMBUA BARAT

Emanuel Vergilius Kefi

ABSTRAK

Ekonomi rumah tangga merupakan bagian penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya harus memiliki penghasilan untuk memperoleh barang atau jasa. . Judi Online merupakan bentuk perjudian yang dilakukan melalui media internet tanpa pertemuan langsung, tetapi melalui jaringan daring. Budaya (kumpul keluarga) merupakan permasalahan yang timbul ditengah-tengah masyarakat dan dapat mempengaruhi kesejahteraan individu dan kelompok dalam masyarakat. Pengetahuan merupakan peran penting dalam kehidupan dan perkembangan indvidu, dan masyarakat. Dalam hal ini terjadi penurunan ekonomi rumah tangga yang disebabkan oleh berbagai permasalahan seperti Judi Online, Budaya dan Pengetahuan yang dimana dari 3 faktor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kebutuhan Ekonomi Rumah Tangga menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Judi Online (X₁), Budaya (X₂) dan Pengetahuan (X₃) terhadap Ekonomi Rumah Tangga (Y) di Kelurahan Beirafu Kecamatan Atambua Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang bersumber dari identitas data responden Kelurahan Beirafu Kecamatan Atambua Barat, melalui observasi wawancara dan penyebaran kuisioner, studi ini mengunakan analisis regresi linear sederha dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Judi online (X₁) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Ekonomi rumah tangga (Y) di Kelurahan beirafu, kecamatan atambua barat kabupaten belu. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai t-statistik sebesar 3,561 dan probalitas 0,00. Terdapat pengaruh dan signifikan anatara Budaya (X₂) terhadap Ekonomi rumah tangga (Y) di Kelurahan Beirafu, Kecamatan Atambua Barat. HaL ini dibuktikan dari hasil t-statistik 5,586 dan probalitas 0,000. Terdapat pengaruh dan signifikan antara Pengetahuan (X₃) terhadap Ekonomi rumah tangga (Y) di Kelurahan Beirafu, Kecamatan Atambua Barat. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil t-statistik 6,746 dan probalitas 0,000. Variabel Judi online (X₁), Budaya (X₂) dan pengetahuan (X₃) secara simultan memiliki pengaruh dan signifikan terhadap Ekonomi rumah tangga (Y) ) di Kelurahan Beirafu, Kecamatan Atambua Barat. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil F-statistik 18.580 dan nilai probalitas 0,000.

DETERMINAN KINERJA UMKM DI KECAMATAN INSANA UTARA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

yosefsuni suni

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh modal usaha, lama usaha, motivasi kerja, dan promosi terhadap kinerja UMKM di kecamatan insana utara kabupaten timor tengah utara. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara, pembagian kuisioner dan lain-lain dan data sekunder yaitu data yang diambil pada dinas koperasi usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah kabupaten timor tengah utara pada dua tahun terakhir dari tahun 2021 hingga tahun 2022. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 147 orang pelaku UMKM dan sampel sebanyak 60 responden. Jenis data yang digunakan data kuantitatif, sumber datanya data primer dan sekunder. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara berdasarkan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial yang terdiri dari analisis regresi sederhana, berganda, koefisien determinasi, dan pengujian hipotesis. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS versi 26. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) secara simultan variabel modal usaha, lama usaha, motivasi kerja, dan variabel promosi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap variabel kinerja UMKM dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05. 2) Secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variabel modal usaha terhadap kinerja UMKM tetapi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan antara modal usaha dengan kinerja UMKM dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,001 lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05. 3) Secara parsial terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara variabel lama usaha terhadap kinerja UMKM dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,004 lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05. 4) Secara parsial terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja UMKM dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar 0,001 lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05. 5) Secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variabel promosi terhadap kinerja UMKM tetapi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel promosi terhadap kinerja UMKM dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,009 lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05). Dalam model ini menghasilkan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 0.564 dan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0.318 (31,8%)

Kata Kunci: Modal Usaha, Lama Usaha, Motivasi Kerja, Promosi, Kinerja UMKM.

Substitution or Complementary: The Effect of Peer to Peer Lending on Commercial Bank Credit and Indonesian Rural Bank Credit

Rania Octa Isyara

The emergence of peer to peer lending as a loan-based financial service platform that operates online raises concerns about the sustainability of banks, especially commercial banks and rural banks that have dominated the credit market. This study was conducted with the aim to analyze the effect of peer to peer lending on commercial bank credit and rural bank credit in Indonesia, whether the relationship formed is substituted or complementary. The method used in this study is panel data regression estimation, the data is monthly data per province in Indonesia with a time period of January 2020-September 2022. The results showed that peer to peer lending is complementary to commercial bank credit and rural bank credit in Indonesia, this relationship can be formed for several reasons, such as for the case of commercial banks because they serve different consumer segments and for commercial banks peer to peer lending not a threat.

PENGARUH MODAL, TEKNOLOGI, JUMLAH TANGKAPAN IKAN DAN PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN NELAYAN DI KECAMATAN INSANA UTARA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA

Arnoldus Bnao

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Modal (X1), Teknologi (X2), Jumlah Tangkapan Ikan (X3), Pendapatan (X4) terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Y) di Kecamatan Insana Utara baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan. Penelitian ini di lakukan di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Adapun waktu penelitian yang di rencanakan mulai dari bulan Januari 2024 – selesai dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 68 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Modal (X1) berpengaruh terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Y) di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan tingkat signifikan 0,001 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05. Teknologi (X2) berpengaruh terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Y) di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan tingkat signifikan 0,026 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05. Jumlah Tangkapan Ikan (X3) berpengaruh terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Y) di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan tingkat signifikan 0,140 atau lebih besar dari 0,05. Pendapatan (X4) berpengaruh terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Y) di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan tingkat signifikan 0,003 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05. Modal (X1) berpengaruh terhadap Pendapatan (X4) di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05. Teknologi (X2) berpengaruh terhadap Jumlah Tangkapan Ikan (X3) di Kecamatan Insana Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05. Variabel Modal (X1), Varaibel Teknologi (X2), Varibel Jumlah Tangkapan Ikan (X3) dan Variabel Pendapatan (X4) secatra bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Y) dengan tingkat signifikan 0,005 atau lebih kecil dari 0,05

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN NELAYAN DI KECAMATAN MALAKA BARAT KABUPATEN MALAKA

Maria Yanti Cardoso

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Malaka Barat Kabupaten Malaka dengan responden sebanyak 71 orang. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan di Kecamatan Malaka Barat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor antara lain; modal kerja, pengalaman melaut dan migrasi sirkuler. Tujuan peneltian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel modal kerja, pengalaman melaut dan migrasi sirkuler terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara parsial modal kerja, pengalaman melaut dan migrasi sirkuler berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan ditunjukan dengan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari alpha 0,05 dan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan antara modal kerja, pengalaman melaut dan migrasi sirkuler terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga nelayan di Kecamatan Malaka Barat Kabupaten Malaka

THE INFLUENCE OF REGIONAL ORIGINAL INCOME (PAD), GENERAL ALLOCATION FUNDS (DAU), AND SPECIAL ALLOCATION FUNDS (DAK) ON CAPITAL EXPENDITURE IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE

Lolita Germania Abi

Capital Expenditure is one of the groups of regional expenditures used in the purchase and provision of tangible goods that have more than one year's usability used in infrastructure development and the provision of public facilities. To increase the Capital Expenditure Budget, local governments can use the sources of funds contained in the APBD, including Regional Original Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU) and Special Allocation Fund (DAK). The purpose of this study is to determine the Effect of Regional Original Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Fund (DAU), and Special Allocation Fund (DAK) on Capital Expenditure in NTT Province. The data analysis technique used in this study is Multiple Linear Regression. The results of a simple linear regression analysis stated that, partially, the variable PAD (X₁) had an insignificant effect on the variable Capital Expenditure (Y) which was shown with a significant value of 0.542 greater alpha. Partially, the DAU variable (X₂) has an insignificant effect on Capital Expenditure (Y), shown by a significant value of 0.180 greater alpha. Partially, the DAK variable (X₃) has a significant effect on Capital Expenditure (Y) shown by a significant value of 0.001 smaller than alpha. Simultaneously, the variables PAD (X1), DAU (X2), and DAK (X3) have a significant effect on Capital Expenditure (Y) shown by a significant value of 0.008 smaller alpha.

The Effect of Competitive Advantage on Good University Governance and University Performance: An Approach from the Resource-Based View

Vania Stephani Bangun

The implementation of Good University Governance (GUG) is anticipated to enhance transparency, accountability, university performance, and elevate the competitiveness of universities to international levels. Despite these expectations, the current implementation of GUG in Indonesia falls short. This research specifically focuses on examining the impact of Competitive Culture (CC), Knowledge Development (KD) on GUG and university performance in public universities in Indonesia, utilizing the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory. The sampling method employed is cluster sampling. The results indicate a positive and significant effect of CC on GUG, KD on GUG, GUG on university performance, CC on university performance, and KD on university performance. In essence, these findings align with the RBV theory, asserting that university capabilities contribute to enhancing overall university performance. Additionally, suggestions have been proposed for future research to expand the study's scope by investigating other variables that may potentially influence Good University Governance (GUG) and university performance.

The Effect of Competitive Advantage on Good University Governance and University Performance: An Approach from the Resource-Based View

Vania Stephani Bangun

Sustainability Analysis of the Revolving Fund Programe: A Prospective Approach for MICMAC

Fino Rihab Dibihantoro

The importance of access to credit for micro, small, and handicraft household enterprises, including cooperatives, has been a major focus in improving working capital financing and capital accumulation to support industrial income. The government, with the assistance of the Revolving Fund Management Institution (LPDB), has launched a revolving fund program to strengthen the capital of KSP/USP-Cooperatives, increase the capacity of human resources in business and financial management, and strengthen the role of KSP/USP-Cooperatives in supporting efforts to expand employment opportunities and alleviate poverty. Based on data from the Cooperative Business Development Division of the Denpasar City UMKM Cooperative Office, from 2021 to 2023, five cooperatives received the LPDB revolving fund program, but did not always reapply for the program funds. This raises attention to the sustainability of the program and the factors that influence it. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the sustainability of the LPDB program for cooperatives in Denpasar City. Analysis using the MICMAC method shows that revolving fund administration requirements and member information and knowledge about revolving funds have the most significant direct influence. These findings emphasize the importance of simplifying administration and increasing member knowledge to support program success. Active participation of members also plays an important role in predicting the sustainability of the program, signifying the importance of members' direct involvement in supporting their economic activities

Impact of Imports of Consumer Goods and Imports of Capital Goods Against the Amount of Money in Circulation in Indonesia

Kamilaus Konstanse Oki

International trade has a positive impact on the countries that carry it out, be it imports, exports or other international cooperation. Imports are carried out when a country cannot provide goods and services independently due to limited resources or they can be produced but at high costs. Imports of consumer goods and capital goods in Indonesia are closely related to the amount of money in circulation, both currency and demand deposits. The research results show that imports of consumer goods on the money supply variable in Indonesia have a strong relationship and have a significant effect. Likewise, the variables imports of capital goods and money supply have a fairly strong relationship, but do not have a significant relationship.

Pathways To Prosperity: An In-Depth Study of Sustainable Livelihoods In Organic Products MSME’s

Sri Muljaningsih

This article was conducted in 2022, describes the condition of Organic Products MSMEs' in Malang Raya during the COVID-19 pandemic. The concept of the Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) is used to determine the sustainability of the MSMEs' livelihoods. The SLA concept theoretically suggests a pentagon of assets: human, social, public, physical, and financial assets. The five assets were analyzed using RAPFISH (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries) software. This tool can identify the most influential attribute using leverage analysis, namely the ordination technique with Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS). Each dimension has attributes related to sustainability, with assessment criteria based on SLA. The analysis results of the five (5) assets owned by MSMEs' Organic Products in Malang Raya show that the lacking attribute is public assets. The indicators of public assets are based on various public facilities to support the MSMEs' sustainability, especially at the ease of access level. That is related to transportation facilities and access to the movement. In comparison, the other four assets are at sufficient criteria. Thus, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Organic Product MSMEs' in Malang Raya are still going. However, there are restrictions on easy access to movement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Who Intends to Enter the Formal Sector the Most? Individual-Level Determinants of Formal Job Selection in Indonesia

Susilo Susilo

The informal sector in the labor market is often regarded as filled with low-quality, low-productivity, low-wage jobs. However, in Indonesia, the informal sector is important in absorbing more than half of the total workforce and providing subsistence wages for those not absorbed in the formal labor market. This study used SUSENAS microdata to determine the workforce determinants in working in the formal and informal sectors. The study results show that higher education, male gender, and living in an urban area increased one's chances of working in the formal sector. This study also found an inverted u-shaped curve on age, where a person's tendency to work in the formal sector would increase at the beginning of their productive age and decrease after entering the age of 27. Marital status in this study increased opportunities to work in the informal sector. This research may use to improve the labor policy and improve the job opportunity in both formal and informal sector.

ICT expansion and human development: Empirical evidence from Indonesia

Vita Katika Sari — 2024-08-31

Human development is a central focus and objective for countries worldwide. Comprehensive human development is reflected in rising living standards and easier access to essential services like education and health. Accelerating human development requires adopting technology, particularly ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), which is increasingly utilized by societies. The main objective of this study is to estimate the impact of ICT Skills, ICT Access, domestic investment, and the democracy index on the Human Development Index (HDI) using provincial-level data in Indonesia. The study employed panel data from 34 provinces from 2016-2022. Based on the Chow and Hausman test results, the fixed effect model was the best fit compared to the common and random effect models. The findings demonstrate that ICT Skills and ICT Access significantly positively affected human development throughout the research period, with their coefficients being almost equal. This highlights the rapid advancement of ICT and its vital role in the lives of the Indonesian population. The results further revealed that democracy was insignificant, while domestic investment positively and significantly impacted human development. Based on these findings, ICT development policies are essential, particularly in investment, infrastructure improvement, and the effective implementation of ICT initiatives. The use of ICT should be tailored to each province's unique characteristics and potential to promote equality and reduce disparities. A key recommendation from this study is the adoption of ICT in societal activities to enhance equality across all regions of Indonesia.

Determinants of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia: Mapping with Cartesius Diagram

Azwardi Azwardi — 2024-08-31

This research aims to explore the long- and short-term relationships and the quality of interactions between variables within the framework of the Sustainable Development Concept, focusing on the social aspect (Human Development Index), economic aspect (economic growth), and environmental aspect (Environmental Quality Index) in the context of reducing poverty rates in Indonesia. The methodology employed is the Panel Vector Error Correction Model (P-VECM) analysis for panel data, combining time series (2010-2022) and cross-section data (34 provinces in Indonesia), along with a Cartesian diagram to identify which provinces have the greatest potential for achieving evenly distributed SDG progress. The results show that the Granger causality test reveals no one-way or two-way causal relationships or interactions between the human development index, economic growth, and environmental quality index. In the long-term analysis, only the human development index significantly impacts poverty, with a negative correlation. In contrast, economic growth and the environmental quality index do not have a long-term relationship with Indonesia's poverty levels. These findings suggest that improving the quality of education, healthcare, and living standards in the long term can effectively reduce poverty, especially in Indonesia. Pro-poor government policies are crucial to prevent widening inequality and ensure that economic growth benefits the upper class and the lower and middle classes through more equitable income distribution.

The impact of domestic debt on inflation rate: Empirical evidence from Nigeria.

Olufemi Samuel Adegboyo

Using annual time series data, this study examines the relationship between Nigeria's domestic debt and the country's inflation rate between 1981 and 2022 using the ARDL estimation technique. The study employed the Augment Dickey-Fuller unit root test to determine the stationarity of each variable, and the result revealed that inflation and GDP growth rates were stationary at integration level I(0), whereas all other variables were integrated at I(1). The bound test revealed that there is a long-run relationship between the variables, which implies that all the variables cointegrate. The study revealed that domestic debt and interest rates had a negative impact on the inflation rate, while external debt, economic growth, and money supply had a positive impact on the inflation rate. Since the study found that domestic debt helps to reduce inflation, the government should often consider borrowing from within the country as it reduces inflation as against external borrowings that increase inflation.

The THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM PRIVATE INSURANCE COMPANIES IN ETHIOPIA

Elias Abrham Weldetensae

This research examined the effect of corporate governance practices on earnings management through discretionary loss reserve accrual, using panel data of 11 selected Ethiopian private insurance companies for the period 2016 to 2023. The study employed a quantitative research approach and explanatory research design. The study is crucial given the fact that there is no research on insurance earnings management in Ethiopia. Based on the random effect regression model, the study finds that board size; CEO duality, board meeting frequency, and board gender diversity are significant and negatively associated with earnings management. Additionally, the study finds a negative and significant relationship between audit committee financial expertise, internal auditors` educational background, and financial leverage with earnings management. On the other side, firms` size is positive and significantly associated with earnings management. The study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between board characteristics, audit committee characteristics, internal audit quality, and earnings management in insurance companies, which has been less explored in prior studies. Based on the findings, the researcher concludes that the boards of directors’ characteristics and the internal audit quality of a company have more significant levels than the other variables to mitigate earnings management.

Community Empowerment In Gorontalo Regency: Adopting The Perspective Of Sustainable Livelihoods In Village Fund Allocation

Robin Pakudu

This study explores the Government of Gorontalo's approach to community empowerment, focusing on sustainable livelihoods through village fund utilization, employing a qualitative methodology. The research reveals a nuanced landscape of outcomes. Among the four key indicators examined, sustainability emerges as a notable achievement. Development programs funded by village resources demonstrate longevity, indicating their potential to sustain livelihoods over time. However, significant deficiencies are observed in other areas. Community-centeredness, poverty alleviation, and participatory engagement fall short of optimal levels. The development process lacks responsiveness to community aspirations, poverty alleviation efforts are ineffective, and community involvement in program implementation is insufficient. These findings underscore the need for a more inclusive and participatory approach to community empowerment initiatives. Addressing these shortcomings requires strategies that prioritize inclusive decision-making, targeted poverty alleviation, and genuine community engagement throughout program implementation. Such measures are essential not only for maximizing the effectiveness of village fund utilization but also for fostering sustainable livelihoods and resilient communities in the long term.

PENGARUH COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE TERHADAP GOOD UNIVERSITY GOVERNANCE DAN KINERJA UNIVERSITAS: PENDEKATAN RESOURCE BASED VIEW

Vania Stephani Bangun

The effect of partnership and information and communication technology (ICT) capability on competitive advantage through entrepreneurial marketing: a study on culinary sector SMEs in Batam City

Asmaul Husna — 2024-06-21

This study analyzes the influence of partnership and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) capability on competitive advantage through entrepreneurial marketing. The research employs a quantitative approach with descriptive analysis, involving data collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observations from 56 culinary sector SMEs in Batam City. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that partnership and ICT capability positively and significantly affect entrepreneurial marketing, enhancing coordination and technology usage among SMEs. However, these variables do not significantly impact competitive advantage directly. On the other hand, entrepreneurial marketing demonstrates a positive and significant influence on competitive advantage, highlighting the importance of strong customer relationships and high-value product creation. Additionally, ICT capability significantly influences competitive advantage through entrepreneurial marketing, emphasizing the role of technology in enhancing business flexibility and marketing capabilities.

Sustainability Analysis of the Dana Bergulir Program: A Prospective Approach for MICMAC

Fino Rihab Dibihantoro

The importance of access to credit for micro, small, and handicraft household enterprises, including cooperatives, has been a major focus in improving working capital financing and capital accumulation to support industrial income. The government, with the assistance of banks, has launched the Dana Bergulir LPDB program to strengthen the capital of KSP/USP-Cooperatives, increase the capacity of human resources in business and financial management, and strengthen the role of KSP/USP-Cooperatives in supporting efforts to expand employment opportunities and alleviate poverty. Based on data from the Cooperative Business Development Division of the Denpasar City UMKM Cooperative Office, from 2021 to 2023, only five cooperatives received the Dana Bergulir LPDB program, but they did not always receive funds every year. This raises attention to the sustainability of the program and the factors that influence it. This study aims to identify factors that influence the sustainability of the LPDB program for cooperatives in Denpasar City. Analysis using the MICMAC method shows that Dana Bergulir administration requirements and member information and knowledge about Dana Bergulirs have the most significant direct influence. These findings emphasize the importance of improving administrative efficiency and member knowledge to support program success. Active participation of members also plays an important role in predicting the sustainability of the program, signifying the importance of direct involvement of members in supporting their economic activities.

Public expenditure and performance of the agricultural sector: evidence from Sri Lanka

Anojan Vickneswaran — 2024-06-21

This study investigates the influence of agricultural public expenditure on the performance of Sri Lanka's agriculture sector. Utilizing data sourced from the annual reports of the Ministry of Finance spanning 2011 to 2022, the findings reveal a significant and positive correlation between the recurrent expenditure of the Department of Agriculture (DoA) and the gross domestic production of the agriculture sector (p < 0.01). However, no statistical evidence supports a significant relationship between the Ministry of Agriculture's (MoA) capital expenditure and DoA and the performance of the agriculture sector. These results underscore the pivotal role of public recurrent agricultural expenditure in bolstering the agriculture sector's performance. Particularly noteworthy is the significant impact of DoA's recurrent expenditure on sectoral performance. The study advocates for increased budget allocation towards recurrent expenditure within the agriculture sector, especially emphasizing the importance of augmenting the DoA's recurrent expenditure to ensure enhanced performance and sustainability. Ultimately, the study underscores the critical importance of effective and efficient management of public funds in driving the agriculture sector's performance.

Risk Factors for NEET Youth in the Millennial Generation and Gen-Z in Indonesia

Mega Putri

The phenomenon of youth who are Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET) is a significant issue, particularly among millennials (Gen Y) and Generation Z in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the risk factors contributing to NEET status among these two generations. A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 444,183 individuals aged 15 to 24 for Gen-Z and 25 to 43 for Gen-Y, using data from the 2021 Sakernas survey. Chi-square analysis and logistic regression were conducted to assess the relationship between various factors and the likelihood of NEET status. The findings reveal a prevalence of NEET youth at 23.98% within Gen-Z and Gen-Y. Significant risk factors (p<0.05) include age (OR=1.01), education level (OR=1.11), gender (OR=0.24), motivation to seek employment (OR=5.94), household size (OR=1.09), and disability (OR=1.09). Specifically, motivation to seek employment emerges as the primary determinant of NEET status. Recommendations include enhancing education and training initiatives to instill a stronger work ethic among youth and bolstering familial and societal support to improve self-esteem. This interdisciplinary research integrates sociology, economics, psychology, and education to provide deeper insights into the NEET youth phenomenon in Indonesia.

Factors Affecting Income Inequality Of Rubber Farmers In Banyuasin District, South Sumatra

Iman Satra Nugraha

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence income inequality of rubber farmers in Banyuasin Regency. The data obtained comes from primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained from interview methods with respondents, while secondary data was obtained from literature studies. This research was conducted in 2023 using 255 respondents from 17 villages and 15 respondents were taken from each village. The selection of respondents was carried out simply at random. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of research conducted, the majority of rubber farmers' age distribution is still of productive age and only 5% are of non-productive age. The average income level of rubber farmers per month is IDR 3,071,361,-. Meanwhile, based on multiple linear regression analysis, it is stated that all independent variables have a significant effect on the level of income inequality of rubber farmers with a P-Value of 0.029. Meanwhile, based on the t test, it can be seen that there are 3 out of 6 variables that are significant for the factors that influence income inequality of rubber farmers at a real level of 95%. The variables that have a significant influence are the number of members in the family, rubber production and rubber prices.

Analysis of Tillage System on CO2 emission in 12-Years-Old Rubber Plant

Charlos Togi Stevanus Stevanus

Land processing in rubber plantation is generally carried out mechanically because this system is effective removing roots and wood in rubber planting areas. However, because the costs of preparing land using mechanization are high and there is a ban a burning method in land preparation so some rubber plantation in Indonesia prefer to use land preparation with no tillage. Several studies show no tillage has an effect on CO₂ emissions which is a contributor to greenhouse gases. The aim of this research is to compare the effect of no and tillage system on CO₂ emission in 12-years-old rubber plants and analyze the factors that influence them. The research was carried out from June to July 2023 at the Rubber Plants of Rubber Research Institute. The method used was measuring CO₂ emissions between no and tillage and analyzing them using t-test. Factor variables influence CO₂ emissions in this study include: c-organic, bulk density and water content and were analyzed using correlation test. The results of the study showed that CO₂ emissions from no tillage were significantly higher than tillage. The results of correlation show that factors influence of CO₂ emission from largest to lowest are c-organic, water content and bulk density

Human resource development: enhancing entrepreneurial potential in MSMEs

Sry Rosita — 2024-06-21

This study aims to explore the role of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in human resource development by enhancing entrepreneurial potential. Qualitative data were obtained using a descriptive exploratory approach from in-depth interviews with 41 MSME actors assisted by the Jambi City Manpower, Cooperatives, and Small and Medium Enterprises Office during managerial and technical guidance in 2023. The data were analyzed thematically and narratively to capture respondents' views and reasons. The study identifies various aspects of MSMEs, including business types, ideals, vision, mission, goals, sources of ideas, creativity and innovation, threats, strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities. It also examines the impact of education and training on human resource development and entrepreneurial potential. The findings indicate that MSMEs leverage diverse sources of ideas and exhibit significant creativity and innovation to adapt to business trends. However, further studies are needed to measure the long-term impact of human resource development. Additionally, the study calls for examining external factors such as government policies, market conditions, and technological advancements that influence human resource development and entrepreneurial potential in MSMEs.

Financing halal tourism with municipal sukuk in West Sumatera: opportunities, challenges, and proposed-model

Sepky Mardian

The study aims to explore the model of municipal sukuk which could be used for the development of halal tourism in West Sumatera. The study employs a qualitative approach that combines literature reviews and field studies. Interviews were conducted to the various stakeholders of halal tourism in West Sumatera. Six steps of the thematic analysis approach developed by Braun and Clarke (2006) are employed to analyze the interview data. Discussion of findings was conducted by referencing the relevant research and other publications. The study found that the relevant stakeholders acknowledged the opportunity to issue municipal sukuk in West Sumatera. To implement this financial instrument (municipal sukuk), the stakeholders still require definitive local regulations. As well, other challenges are the readiness of local government resources and the limited government assets to be used as the underlying assets. The sukuk could be issued using existing regional assets or assets built in a halal tourism area. The Novotel Hotel and tourist destination assets owned by municipalities are examples of potential government assets for the sukuk issuance. Aside from that, it is also possible to use ‘tanah ulayat’ owned by nagari. The Islamic contracts that could be used are ijarah or ijarah maushufah fi al-zimmah.

The Impact Of The Presence Of The University Of Timor On The Economy Of Local Communities In North Central Timor District

Diana Pangastuti

In the last decade, the North Central Timor Regency in East Nusa Tenggara Province has become a new center of economic growth. This is due to the presence of a higher education institution known as the University of Timor. The presence of this university has a positive impact on small and medium businesses due to the significant flow of educational migration. Therefore, this research aims to identify the partial or simultaneous influence of three main variables, namely social and cultural patterns, educational accessibility, and community thought patterns and attitudes, on the welfare of people involved in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). ). The analytical method used is multiple linear regression, involving a sample of 100 respondents from a total of 693 MSME actors. Sampling was carried out randomly using the Simple Random Sampling technique based on the Slovin formula. The research results show that these three variables have a significant positive effect on the welfare of MSMEs in the North Central Timor Regency.

Predicting future inflation in Indonesia using Dynamic Model Averaging (DMA)

Shania Puspita Sari — 2024-06-21

The features of Indonesia's inflation data, which make it extremely susceptible to shocks like those felt in 2005 and 2008, as well as extensive potential influencing factors, lead to problems in forecasting inflation. These problems include time variation in coefficients, models that can change over time, and many predictors to consider. Dynamic Model Averaging (DMA) solves these problems since it has evolved coefficients and models that change over time. This study uses DMA to predict future inflation by involving eight macroeconomic indicators as exogenous variables. The results of the in-sample analysis show that six predictors are significant in forecasting inflation, with posterior inclusion probability (PIP) being above 40%. Although the remaining predictors have PIP means below 40%, they can still be considered important. The out-of-sample results suggest that DMA performs better than dynamic model selection and models that don’t include exogenous variables, such as autoregressive models. The forecast results indicate a consistent pattern over the 12 months studied. The attempt to control inflation can be achieved by prioritizing the money supply factor, which has the highest PIP value, indicating that it is the most important factor.

Competitiveness and Logistics Performance Index: How does the infrastructure pillar perform in ASEAN countries?

Azwardi Azwardi — 2024-04-25

This paper examines the impact of strategic sub-components of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) on the Logistics Performance Index (LPI), positing a correlation between the LPI and selected GCI factors, specifically within the infrastructure domain—namely, the indicators of Road Quality, Rail Service Efficiency, Port Efficiency, Air Transport Efficiency, and Electrification. The objective is to identify which indicators within the infrastructure sector most significantly affect the Logistics Performance Index. In this study, the LPI is the dependent variable, while the five previously mentioned competitiveness indicators act as independent variables. Top of Form

A panel data regression analysis was employed to evaluate how these independent variables influence the dependent variable. The data for this study were derived from the World Bank, specifically the LPI of the World Bank and the World Economic Forum, covering countries in the ASEAN region from 2012 to 2020. The findings indicate that, among the five indicators, Port Efficiency significantly impacts the Logistics Performance Index in the ASEAN region. Furthermore, both Air Transportation Efficiency and Electrification significantly influence the Logistics Performance Index. Conversely, Road Quality and Rail Service Efficiency do not significantly affect the Logistics Performance Index in the ASEAN region.

The Effect of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Financial Distress: Evidence from Private Banks of Ethiopia

Elias Abrham Weldetensae

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on financial distress evidence from private banks in Ethiopia. To achieve the objective panel data of twelve private banks for the period ranging from 2010 to 2021 were collected out of twenty-eight private banks operating in Ethiopia. The study employed a quantitative research approach and explanatory research design and used the judgmental sampling technique to realize the stated objectives. Furthermore, the study employed Altmanâ€™s Z-Score model as the proxy for financial distress to identify the financial distress status of private banks in Ethiopia. The study is crucial given the fact that there is no previous research on bank financial distress in Ethiopia. Moreover, the study applied secondary data and was collected from the audited financial statements, board notes, and annual reports from sample private banks and analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and pooled OLS regression model. Results of descriptive statistics indicated the sampled private banks were in an intermediate zone between financial health and financial distress. Furthermore, the regression results revealed that audit committee independence, internal auditor educational background, and size were significantly and negatively associated with financial distress. On the other hand, the study revealed a positive and significant relationship between a bank's financial leverage and financial distress The findings suggest that private banks and shareholders should pay close attention to corporate governance mechanisms, specifically audit committee characteristics and internal audit quality in times of financial distress.

Leading Sectors of Districts With The Lowest Gdp in Bengkulu Province

Bagas Wibisono

Bengkulu has 10 regencies/municipalities, of which five regencies were created in 2003, namely Mukomuko Regency, Kaur Regency, Lebong Regency, Kepahiang Regency, and Seluma Regency as well as Central Bengkulu Regency which was created in 2008. Of these six regencies, three have the lowest average regional income for 2017-2021 in Bengkulu Province. This regional income inequality should be reduced through maximum management of existing economic sectors. There are four sector classifications consisting of leading, mainstay, potential, and lagging sectors. This problem must be overcome by determining the main economic sectors that are the focus of development. There are five analytical tools chosen in this study to determine the leading economic sectors in the three districts with the lowest GRDP in Bengkulu Province, namely: Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Shift Share, Growth Ratio Model (MRP), Klassen Typology. As an analytical tool to help get conclusions from the five analytical tools, overlay analysis is used. There are similarities and differences in the leading sectors in the three regencies with the lowest GRDP in Bengkulu Province. The agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector and the real estate sector are the leading sectors only in Lebong Regency. The processing industry sector and the electricity and gas procurement sector are the leading sectors only in Kepahiang Regency. Meanwhile, the water supply, waste management, waste and recycling and construction sectors are the leading sectors in Kaur Regency.

RISK MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA

Olufemi Samuel Adegboyo

This study examined the effect of risk management on financial performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria from 2011 to 2021. The population consists of all banks listed in the Nigerian Exchange with eleven banks as samples. Secondary data were obtained from the financial statements. Panel data regression was used for data analysis. The independent variables were credit risk, liquidity risk, and capital adequacy risk while dependent variables were ROE and EVA, thus creating two models for the panel regression. Findings from the analysis revealed that the effect of credit risk in both models was not statistically significant and therefore did not influence ROE and EVA. However, the effects of liquidity risk and capital adequacy risk showed statistical significance on the performance of ROE and EVA. The study recommended that efforts should be made by the banksâ€™ managements to reduce non- performing loans and manage liquidity and capital adequacy risks.

Unveiling external debt dynamics: Interdependencies of macroeconomic variables in ASEAN-7

Sukanto Sukanto — 2024-04-25

This study explores the interplay between external debt, infrastructure investment, epidemic response funding, net exports, and the consumer price index (CPI) in seven ASEAN countries—Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, the Philippines, and Vietnam—during the period from 2000 to 2020. Data were derived from the World Bank, OECD, and IMF. This research uses the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) panel data approach to estimate the short-term and long-term relationships among the variables. Short-term results reveal that infrastructure investment, epidemic response funding, net exports, and the CPI do not significantly impact external debt. However, in the long-term analysis, epidemic response funding, net exports, and the CPI positively affect external debt. These findings have significant implications for policymakers in developing countries, especially within the ASEAN region.

STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING THE ECONOMIC ENTERPRISES OF CHIPS UMKM (Micro Small and Medium Enterprises) IN SUMBERMUJUR LUMAJANG VILLAGE USING SWOT ANALYSIS

Livia Wahyuni

Sumbermujur Village, Lumajang, is among the villages affected by Semeru lava in 2020. Keripik Laila is one of the UMKM currently developing taro, banana, and pangs chips as naturally processed products around the Semeru area. Therefore, positioning markets is one of the strategies to remain competitive, market, and provide good service to consumers. Identifying a set of competitive advantages to determine the position of products in the market can be carried out using SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis results indicated that Keripik Laila's strengths are in affordable prices with good product quality and availability of abundant raw materials. However, this UMKM has weaknesses, including design and packaging that have not fulfilled the requirements, limited marketing, and a lack of distribution permits and halal certification. Meanwhile, Keripik Laila has considerable potential for development related to high consumer demand, especially during traditional events in villages and nearby areas. Some threats include tight competition from similar manufacturers. Therefore, recommendations such as increasing marketing volume through online markets must be considered. In addition, nutritional value information should be added to the label, and a food product distribution license should be obtained to improve consumer confidence in the product.

Analysis of the Implementation of Environmental Cleanliness Order and Management Policy

Hilda Mayang

The policy of environmental order and management based on Reuse, Reduce, Recycle (3R) has been implemented in the city of Sungai Penuh to address waste issues. However, waste management has not yet reached an optimal level. This research aims to analyze internal and external factors influencing the implementation of the 3R-based Waste Order and Management policy in Sungai Penuh through SWOT Analysis. The study uses a qualitative method with a survey and interview approach to identify internal and external factors affecting the policy implementation through SWOT Analysis. The research results indicate internal factors that support the policy, such as the existence of local regulations (Perda) in Sungai Penuh regarding waste management, the presence of 3R Waste Disposal Sites (TPS), as well as community understanding and participation. However, there are also internal obstacles, such as the lack of public awareness in disposing of waste according to its type and the lack of facilities for waste management and infrastructure for separation at each household. Supportive external factors involve support from the central government and revenue collection from the private sector. On the other hand, hindering external factors include the impact of climate change, population growth, and global developments that alter the patterns and lifestyles of the community, all contributing to the increase in the quantity and burden of waste management in Sungai Penuh.

Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Permintaan Perumahan Subsidi dan Non Subsidi di Kota Solok

wulandari

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the demand for subsidized and non-subsidized housing in Kota Solok. Employing a quantitative method, both primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed using logistic regression. The research findings reveal that the social and economic characteristics of residents, including income, price, and location, collectively significantly influence housing demand. Individuals with higher incomes tend to prefer non-subsidized housing, while affordable housing prices positively affect demand. Surprisingly, location, though considered crucial in previous research, did not exhibit a significant influence in the context of Kota Solok. The study's conclusions provide in-depth insights into housing preferences and the factors influencing purchasing decisions in Kota Solok. Therefore, it is recommended that housing developers consider more strategic pricing strategies, taking into account the purchasing power of the community. Additionally, further research on the location factor could provide a more comprehensive understanding, especially in assessing whether location factors have different impacts in other regions. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more effective housing policies that are relevant to community needs.

Keywords : Housing Demand, Socio-Economic Characteristics, Housing Price, Location, Kota Solok.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan perumahan subsidi dan non-subsidi di Kota Solok. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif, data primer dan sekunder dikumpulkan dan dianalisis dengan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa karakteristik sosial dan ekonomi penghuni, termasuk pendapatan, harga, dan lokasi, secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap permintaan perumahan. Individu dengan pendapatan lebih tinggi cenderung memilih rumah non-subsidi, sementara harga perumahan yang terjangkau memengaruhi positif permintaan. Lokasi, meskipun dianggap sebagai faktor penting dalam penelitian sebelumnya, tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam konteks Kota Solok. Kesimpulan penelitian menyediakan wawasan mendalam tentang preferensi dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan pembelian perumahan di Kota Solok. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar pengembang perumahan mempertimbangkan strategi penetapan harga yang lebih bijak dan melibatkan faktor daya beli masyarakat. Selain itu, penelitian lebih lanjut terkait lokasi dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif, khususnya untuk menilai apakah faktor lokasi memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda di wilayah lain. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan kebijakan perumahan yang lebih efektif dan relevan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat.

Kata Kunci : Permintaan perumahan, karakteristik sosial ekonomi, harga perumahan, lokasi, Kota Solok.

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THE effect of official development assistance on foreign direct investment and domestic investment in Sub-Saharan Africa

DAZOUE DONGUE GUY PAULIN

The aim of this article is to assess the effect of official development assistance on investment in sub-Saharan Africa from 2006 to 2019, specifically domestic investment captured by gross fixed capital formation and foreign direct investment flows. The DOLS (panel Dynamic least Squares) method was used to test the two econometric models using Eviews 10 software. The results of the estimations show that the official development assistance variable has a positive effect on gross fixed capital formation in sub-Saharan African countries. A 1% increase in official development assistance leads to a 0.76% increase in domestic investment. Official development assistance also has a positive impact on foreign direct investment (FDI). In fact, a 1% increase in ODA leads to a 1.10% increase in FDI. It appears that ODA is more beneficial to FDI than to GFCF in Sub-Saharan African countries. The governments of sub-Saharan African countries must avoid domestic investment being crowded out by foreign direct investment as a result of official development assistance.