Health Education and Therapeutic Group Therapy Pregnant Women as a Prevention of Stunting Risk Factors

M. Akbar Nugraha; Budi Anna Keliat; Mustikasari Mustikasari

doi:10.22437/jini.v6i1.43486

Authors

M. Akbar Nugraha Nursing Department, Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Indonesia
Budi Anna Keliat Nursing Science Faculty, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Mustikasari Mustikasari Nursing Science Faculty, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22437/jini.v6i1.43486

Keywords:

Depression, Health Education, Stunting, Therapeutic Group Therapy, Nutrition during Pregnancy

Abstract

Early intervention during pregnancy can prevent stunting. Pregnant women can prevent stunting by addressing risk factors such as nutrition during pregnancy, infection during pregnancy, and depression during pregnancy. This study was designed to identify the effect of health education and therapeutic group therapy on preventing stunting risk factors. Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a control group. The groups in this study were divided into two groups, the offline group, consisting of two groups: the intervention group that received offline health education and the group that received offline health education and therapeutic group therapy. The online group consisted of three groups, the intervention group that received online health education, the group that received online health education and therapeutic group therapy, and the control group that refused to receive health education and therapeutic group therapy interventions but was sent leaflets on improving development in pregnant women. The study was conducted offline and online. The sample consisted of 157 pregnant women and husbands, 64 women and husbands offline, and 93 women and husbands online. The instruments in this study were questionnaires consisting of demographic data of pregnant women and husbands, nutritional data during pregnancy (upper arm circumference (LiLA) and haemoglobin, depression during pregnancy with the EPDS questionnaire, Data analysis used univariate and bivariate frequency distribution, central tendency, and paired t-test. The results showed that upper arm circumference (LiLA) and Hb did not show significant differences between the intervention and control groups. Health education and offline therapeutic group therapy significantly decreased the risk factors for stunting and depression during pregnancy. Health education and therapeutic group therapy are recommended to be carried out in health service settings, both offline and online, as a form of mental health services for pregnant women in preventing risk factors for stunting.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ashaba, S., Rukundo, G. Z., Beinempaka, F., Ntaro, M., & LeBlanc, J. C. (2015). Maternal depression and malnutrition in children in southwest Uganda: a case control study. BMC public health, 15, 1-6.

Ayed, M. M. A., Kamal, F. E. Z., Mahmoud, O., Mohamed, S. M., Mahmoud, T. M., & Ahmed, S. I. (2020). Relation Between Antenatal Maternal Depression and Anxiety During Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 11(3), 330-349. doi:10.21608/ejhc.2020.119018

Beyene, G. M., Azale, T., Gelaye, K. A., & Ayele, T. A. (2021). The Effect of Antenatal Depression on Birth Weight Among Newborns in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Archives of Public Health, 79(1). doi:10.1186/s13690-021-00643-y

Boran, P., Dönmez, M., Barış, H. E., Us, M. C., Altaş, Z. M., Nisar, A., . . . Rahman, A. (2023). Delivering the Thinking Healthy Programme as a Universal Group Intervention Integrated Into Routine Antenatal Care: A Randomized-Controlled Pilot Study. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1). doi:10.1186/s12888-022-04499-6

Chen, Y.-C., Huang, Y.-L., Chien, Y. W., & Chen, M. C. (2020). The Effect of an Online Sugar Fact Intervention: Change of Mothers With Young Children. Nutrients, 12(6), 1859. doi:10.3390/nu12061859

Dev Ram, S., ⨯ Raj Kumar, S., Shakya, N. S., Yadav, R., Chaudhary, N. K., & Pranil Man Singh Pradhan. (2019). Effect of nutrition education on hemoglobin level in pregnant women: A quasi-experimental study. PLoS One, 14(3). doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213982

Dwiretnoastuti, A., Umijati, S., Irawan, R., & Dewanti, L. (2023). Correlation Between Environmental Health and Stunting of Children Under Five Years Old in Puskesmas Balowerti Kediri City. International Journal of Scientific Advances, 4(2). doi:10.51542/ijscia.v4i2.14

Emilia, O., & Prabandari, Y. S. (2019). Promosi kesehatan dalam lingkup kesehatan reproduksi: Ugm Press.

Gaire, S., Delbiso, T. D., Pandey, S., & Guha-Sapir, D. (2016). Impact of disasters on child stunting in Nepal. Risk management and healthcare policy, 113-127.

Gudeta, H. T., Nagari, S. L., Getu, D., Abdulahi, T., & Abose, S. (2023). Predictors of Stunting Among 6–35 Months Old Children in Assosa Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: Unmatched Case–Control Study. Advances in Public Health, 2023, 1-12. doi:10.1155/2023/3491977

Guney-Coskun, M., Kolay, E., & Başaranoğlu, M. (2023). Telenutrition for the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Benefits, Limits, and Future Perspectives. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 11(2), 308-315. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i2.308

Hailu, B. A., Bogale, G. G., & Beyene, J. (2020). Spatial Heterogeneity and Factors Influencing Stunting and Severe Stunting Among Under-5 Children in Ethiopia: Spatial and Multilevel Analysis. Scientific Reports, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73572-5

Kamau, M., Mirie, W., Kimani, S., & Mugoya, I. (2019). Effect of community based health education on knowledge and attitude towards iron and folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: A quasi experimental study. PLoS One, 14(11). doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224361

Kementerian Kesehatan, K. (2018). Laporan nasional riset kesehatan dasar (RISKESDAS). Jakarta: Balitbang Kemenkes RI

Kołomańska-Bogucka, D., & Mazur-Biały, A. (2019). Physical Activity and the Occurrence of Postnatal Depression—A Systematic Review. Medicina, 55(9), 560. doi:10.3390/medicina55090560

Kubo, A., Aghaee, S., Kurtovich, E., Nkemere, L., Quesenberry, C. P., McGinnis, M. K., & Avalos, L. A. (2021). mHealth Mindfulness Intervention for Women With Moderate-to-Moderately-Severe Antenatal Depressive Symptoms: A Pilot Study Within an Integrated Health Care System. Mindfulness, 12(6), 1387-1397. doi:10.1007/s12671-021-01606-8

Li, Y., Chen, J., Chen, B., Wang, T., Wu, Z., Huang, X., & Li, S. (2022). Effect of Mindfulness Meditation on Depression During Pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.963133

Maravilla, J. C., Betts, K., Adair, L. S., & Alati, R. (2020). Stunting of Children Under Two From Repeated Pregnancy Among Young Mothers. Scientific Reports, 10(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71106-7

Mediani, H. S. (2020). Predictors of Stunting Among Children Under Five Year of Age in Indonesia: A Scoping Review. Global Journal of Health Science, 12(8), 83. doi:10.5539/gjhs.v12n8p83

Murimi, M. W., Nguyen, B., Moyeda-Carabaza, A. F., Lee, H.-J., & Park, O.-H. (2019). Factors that contribute to effective online nutrition education interventions: a systematic review. Nutrition Reviews, 77(10), 663-690. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz032

Nafisah, K. D., & Astuti, A. W. (2023). Association Between Adolescent Pregnancy and Stunting Incidence: A Scoping Review. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia, 19(1), 42-49. doi:10.14710/jpki.19.1.42-49

Olzenak, K., French, S. A., Sherwood, N. E., Redden, J. P., & Harnack, L. (2020). How Online Grocery Stores Support Consumer Nutrition Information Needs. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 52(10), 952-957. doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2020.07.009

Purwandari, E. S., Adnani, Q. E. S., & Astutik, R. Y. (2021). Analysis of Maternal Age at Married, Number of Children, History of Breastfeeding, Mother's Education and High Risk of Pregnancy With Incidence of Stunting in Children Under Five-Years. Women Midwives and Midwifery, 1(1), 21-30. doi:10.36749/wmm.1.1.21-30.2021

Risti, K. N., Pamungkasari, E. P., & Suminah, S. (2021). Nutrition Knowledge and Healthy Food Choices After Participating in Online Nutrition Education in Overweight Adolescents. doi:10.2991/ahsr.k.210127.011

Rotheram-Fuller, E. J., Tomlinson, M., Scheffler, A., Weichle, T. W., Hayati Rezvan, P., Comulada, W. S., & Rotheram-Borus, M. J. (2018). Maternal patterns of antenatal and postnatal depressed mood and the impact on child health at 3-years postpartum. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 86(3), 218-230. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000281

Shahnazi, H., Abdolalian, N., Kazemi, A., & Hassanzadeh, A. (2019). Designing an educational intervention to prevent excessive gestational weight gain: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Reproductive health, 16. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0696-7

Simbolon, D., Jumiyati, J., Ningsih, L., & Riastuti, F. (2021). Is There a Relationship Between Pregnant Women's Characteristics and Stunting Incidence in Indonesia? Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 16(3), 331-339. doi:10.15294/kemas.v16i3.23550

Sirait, B., & Suryanegara, W. (2021). Correlation Between History of Maternal Anemia and Prevalence of 0-5 Years Old Stunting Children in Cilembu Village, Sumedang Regency, 2019. International Journal of Research -Granthaalayah, 9(4), 256-262. doi:10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i4.2021.3867

Soliman, A.-Z., Hassan, A.-S., Fahmy, H. H., Abdelsalam, A. E., & Salem, M. A. A. (2019). Obstetrics Outcome After a Nutritional Health Education Program for Pregnant Females at Zagazig University Hospitals; An Interventional Study. The Open Public Health Journal, 12(1), 496-503. doi:10.2174/1874944501912010496

Sugiyanto, E. P., & Prasetyo, C. H. (2018). Pengaruh terapi kelompok terapeutik ibu hamil terhadap tingkat kemampun dalam merawat diri dan bayi ibu primipara trimester ke tiga. Jurnal Keperawatan, 10(2), 114-117.

Sukmawati, S., Adam, A., Sirajuddin, S., Nadimin, N., & Sanas, N. T. (2023). Risk Factors for Stunting in Toddlers in Gowa Regency. Poltekita Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 17(1), 89-94. doi:10.33860/jik.v17i1.2153

Sundari, A., Ramaswamy, V., Smitha, B., B, P. P., Priyadharshini, S., Priyadharshini, J., & Subramaniam, S. (2019). A Prospective Study to Find the Effect of Antepartum Depression on the Outcome of Pregnancy and Infant Growth in Chennai. National Journal of Research in Community Medicine, 8(3), 199. doi:10.26727/njrcm.2019.8.3.199-204

Szarpak, J., Bator, D., Wójcik, M., Nieścior, H., Dąbrowska, J., & Milanowska, J. (2020). The Influence of Perinatal and Postpartum Depression on Child Development and Its Functioning in Adult Life. Journal of Education Health and Sport, 10(9), 241-247. doi:10.12775/jehs.2020.10.09.026

Titaley, C. R., Ariawan, I., Hapsari, D., Mu’asyaroh, A., & Dibley, M. J. (2019). Determinants of the Stunting of Children Under Two Years Old in Indonesia: A Multilevel Analysis of the 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Survey. Nutrients, 11(5), 1106. doi:10.3390/nu11051106

Townsend, M. C., & Morgan, K. I. (2017). Psychiatric mental health nursing: Concepts of care in evidence-based practice: FA Davis.

Tsegaye, D., Tamiru, D., & Belachew, T. (2022). Theory‐based Nutrition Education Intervention Through Male Involvement Improves the Dietary Diversity Practice and Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in Rural Illu Aba Bor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: A Quasi‐experimental Study. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 18(3). doi:10.1111/mcn.13350

Upadhyay, A. K., & Srivastava, S. (2016). Effect of pregnancy intention, postnatal depressive symptoms and social support on early childhood stunting: findings from India. BMC Pregnancy And Childbirth, 16, 107-107. doi:10.1186/s12884-016-0909-9

World Health Organization, W. (2018). Mental Health Atlas 2017. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/mental_health/evidence/atlas/mental_health_atlas_2017/en/

Yarımkaya, E., & Esentürk, O. (2020). Promoting Physical Activity for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders During Coronavirus Outbreak: Benefits, Strategies, and Examples. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 68(4), 430-435. doi:10.1080/20473869.2020.1756115

Zhao, Y., Lin, Q., Zhu, X., & Wang, J. (2021). Randomized Clinical Trial of a Prenatal Breastfeeding and Mental Health Mixed Management Intervention. Journal of Human Lactation, 37(4), 761-774. doi:10.1177/0890334421991058