Keanekaragaman Dan Pola Sebaran Spesies Tumbuhan Asing Invasif Di Kawasan Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II: Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Invasive Alien Plant Species in the Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve

Bakti Mandala; Nursanti; Hari Darmawan

doi:10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.43966

Authors

Bakti Mandala Jurusan Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi
Nursanti Jurusan Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi
Hari Darmawan Jurusan Kehutanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Jambi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.43966

Keywords:

Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve, biodiversity, distribution pattern, invasive alien species

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The plant diversity in Indonesia is often disrupted by the introduction of invasive alien species (IAS), which can have negative impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity. Invasive alien species possess the ability to grow rapidly and compete with native plants, threatening biodiversity in protected areas. This study aims to identify invasive plant species in the Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve and analyze their impact on the local ecosystem. The research employs a combination of transect and plot line methods with a sampling rate of 2% of the total area. Data collected include plant species, individual counts, habitus, and vegetation analysis using relative density, relative frequency, and the Importance Value Index (IVI). The results show 16 invasive plant species, with Clidemia hirta having the highest IVI (44,21%), dominating nearly all observation plots. The distribution pattern of invasive species is predominantly clumped. These findings indicate that invasive species, particularly C. hirta, have the potential to threaten biodiversity and the integrity of ecosystems in the Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve, necessitating control and rehabilitation measures to maintain ecosystem balance.

Keywords: Durian Luncuk II Nature Reserve, biodiversity, distribution pattern, invasive alien species

ABSTRAK

Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di Indonesia sering terganggu oleh masuknya spesies tumbuhan asing invasif (IAS) yang dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap ekosistem dan keanekaragaman hayati. Tumbuhan asing invasif memiliki kemampuan untuk tumbuh cepat, bersaing dengan tumbuhan lokal. Ancaman dari tumbuhan invasif merupakan salah satu faktor utama penyebab kerusakan biodiversitas di Indonesia, termasuk dalam kawasan cagar alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies tumbuhan asing invasif di Kawasan Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II serta menganalisis dampaknya terhadap ekosistem lokal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kombinasi metode jalur dan garis berpetak dengan pengambilan sampel sebesar 2% dari total luas kawasan. Data yang dikumpulkan mencakup spesies tumbuhan, jumlah individu, habitus, serta analisis vegetasi menggunakan kerapatan relatif, frekuensi relatif, dan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 16 spesies tumbuhan asing invasif, dengan Clidemia hirta memiliki INP tertinggi (44,21%), mendominasi hampir seluruh petak pengamatan. Pola sebaran spesies invasif umumnya mengelompok (clumped). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa spesies invasif, terutama C. hirta, berpotensi mengancam keberagaman hayati dan integritas ekosistem di Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II, sehingga memerlukan tindakan pengendalian dan rehabilitasi untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem..

Kata kunci: Cagar Alam Durian Luncuk II, keanekaragaman hayati, pola sebaran, tumbuhan asing invasif

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