DAMPAK TEKANAN KINERJA TERHADAP PENILAIAN STRES, REGULASI DIRI DAN PERILAKU KERJA: SEBUAH KAJIAN LITERATUR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/jdm.v13i01.41574Abstract
Tekanan kinerja berorientasi pada upaya karyawan dalam meningkatkan kinerja mereka. Namun, masih belum definitif apakah tekanan kinerja berfungsi sebagai strategi yang efektif atau tidak efektif dalam menghasilkan perilaku kerja yang menguntungkan. Studi ini menganalisis dengan cermat sifat dinamis dari tekanan kinerja. Berdasarkan studi literatur, penulis berteori bahwa reaksi terhadap tekanan kinerja dipengaruhi oleh fluktuasi harian terhadap bagaimana tekanan tersebut dinilai, dan fluktuasi ini menjelaskan mengapa tekanan kinerja dapat menjadi pedang bermata dua dengan menghasilkan efek samping yang baik dan buruk bagi organisasi. Penulis memperkirakan bahwa, pada tingkat harian, tekanan kinerja dapat dianggap sebagai suatu ancaman, yang berpotensi mengakibatkan penurunan kemampuan pengaturan diri, sehingga menjelaskan perilaku disfungsional, seperti ketidaksopanan. Tekanan kinerja harian juga dapat dinilai sebagai tantangan, yang memunculkan keterlibatan yang menjelaskan peningkatan kecakapan tugas dan kewarganegaraan. Sifat resiliensi diperkirakan akan memoderasi efek-efek tersebut, mendorong individu untuk menilai tekanan kinerja sebagai tantangan alih-alih sebagai ancaman. Hal ini, pada gilirannya, akan mengurangi dampak penurunan pengaturan diri yang dapat menghasilkan perilaku disfungsional, serta meningkatkan dampak keterikatan yang berkontribusi pada perilaku fungsional.
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