The Role Of Keimin Bunka Shidosho In The Dynamics Of Art In Indonesia 1943-1945

Authors

  • Siti Masriyani Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
  • Nurul Azizah

Keywords:

Keimin Bunka Shidosho (KBS), Pendudukan Jepang, Seni Indonesia, Nasionalisme, Perlawanan.

Abstract

This research discusses the role of the Keimin Bunka Shidosho (KBS) institution during the Japanese occupation in Indonesia, particularly in the realm of arts and culture. KBS, established by the Japanese government, aimed to use art as a tool of propaganda to support Japanese interests. Various art forms, such as literature, painting, music, drama, and film, underwent significant changes under the influence of KBS. This study uses the historical research method, which involves four key stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Through this method, the research investigates how artists navigated the tension between political control and creative expression. This research is important in understanding how cultural institutions were used to influence public sentiment and how artists responded to ideological pressure. The urgency lies in examining how, even under occupation and censorship, art became a space for negotiation, resistance, and the assertion of national identity. The findings show that while some artists worked within the framework of KBS, others resisted or embedded nationalist messages in their works. As a result, art during the Japanese occupation not only functioned as a propaganda tool but also as a means to foster resistance and national pride

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alfian, Magdalia, ‘Keroncong Music Reflects the Identity of Indonesia’, TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, 4 (2) (2013) <https://journals.mindamas.com/index.php/tawarikh/article/view/555/553>

Anwar, Rosihan, Sejarah Kecil Petite Histoire Indonesia Jilid 7, Kisah-Kisah Zaman Revolusi Kemerdekaan (Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2015), Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah Tangerang Selatan

Armijn Pane, ‘Perkataan Tjinta dan Kekasih’, Poedjangga Baroe, 1933, Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia, Di Bawah Pendudukan Jepang Kenangan Empat Puluh Dua Orang Yang Mengalaminya, 4th edn (Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia, 1988), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Asia Raya, ‘Balai Keboedajaan Islam’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 6 April 1943), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

——, ‘Poesat Kesenian Indonesia’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 7 October 1945), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Awalini, Tika, Warih Handayaningrum, and Welly Suryandoko, ‘Pendidikan Seni Rupa di Indonesia: Sejarah, Peran dan Tantangan Masa Depan’, Prasi: Jurnal Bahasa, Seni dan Pengajarannya, 18.02 (2023)

D. Djayakusuma, Proyek Sejarah Lisan Arsip Nasional RI (Jakarta, 1984), Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia

Dewi Yuliati, ‘Mewaspadai Propaganda Melalui Kajian Sejarah (Studi atas Sistem Propaganda Jepang di Jawa (1942-1945)’, HUMANIKA, 15.9 (2012), doi:https://doi.org/10.14710/humanika.15.9.

Djawa Hookoo Kai Keimin Bunka Shidosho, ‘Seteleng Hidoep Seni-Roepa jang ketiga di Djawa Baroe’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 24 March 1944), Digital Collections, Leiden University Libraries <https://digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl/view/item/3216426?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=9378ce7553823657da4d&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=0&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=0#page/1/mode/1up>

F., Amelia, Pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia (Alprin, 2019), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia (iPusnas)

Hoso Kaari Kyoku and Sendenbu, ‘Programa Malam Gembira’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 22 September 1944), Digital Collections, Leiden University Libraries <http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:3205864>

Ismail, Usmar, Usmar Ismail Mengupas Film, 6th edn (Penerbit Sinar Harapan, 1983), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Jassin, H. B., Kesusastraan Indonesia di Masa Jepang, Digital (Edisi Pustaka Jaya, 2018), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia (iPusnas)

Keimin Bunka Shidosho, Keboedajaan Timoer (Keimin Bunka Shidosho, 1945), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

——, ‘Pertoendjoekan Steleng’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 20 April 1943), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia, Lantai 7-Salemba Raya

——, ‘Poesat Keboedajaan’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 7 April 1943), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia, Lantai 7-Salemba Raya

——, ‘Sajembara ,, Keboedajaan dan Kemerdekaan"’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 16 November 1944) <https://digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl/view/item/3205723?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=e40719713e6f4071f11a&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=1&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=3#page/1/mode/1up>

——, ‘Seteleng Loekisan’, Asia Raya (Jakarta, 15 September 1944) <https://digitalcollections.universiteitleiden.nl/view/item/3205879?solr_nav%5Bid%5D=d4badf0c4a06149f9ae1&solr_nav%5Bpage%5D=0&solr_nav%5Boffset%5D=6#page/1/mode/1up>

Ker, Yin, and others, ‘Teaching the History of Modern and Contemporary Art of Southeast Asia’, Southeast of Now: Directions in Contemporary and Modern Art in Asia, NUS Press Pte Ltd, 4.1 (2020), pp. 101–203, doi:10.1353/sen.2020.0005

Kita-Sumatora-Sinbun, ‘Tontonan dan Pelipoer Gamboes Di Keboen Binatang’, Kita-Sumatora-Sinbun (Sumatra Utara, 6 November 1943), p. 2, Digital Collections, Leiden University Libraries

Kurasawa, Aiko, Mobilisasi dan Kontrol : studi tentang Perubahan Sosial di Pedesaan Jawa 1942-1945, trans. by Hermawan Sulystio, 1st edn (Grasindo, 1993), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Lana, Lana, ‘“Allegro Di Krontjong”: Life and Works of Amir Pasaribu’ (unpublished Bachelor of Arts with Departmental Honors, Wesleyan University, 2012), doi:10.14418/wes01.1.1763

Mahayana, Maman S, ‘Japanese Occupation Government Policy in Indonesia on Culture and Literature: A Case Study of Asia Raja’, 25.2 <http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=1676383&val=297&title=Japanese%20Occupation%20Government%20Policy%20in%20Indonesia%20on%20Culture%20and%20Literature%20A%20Case%20Study%20of%20Asia%20Raja%20Newspaper%201942-1945>

Masriyani, Siti, ‘Peran lembaga propaganda keimin bunka shidosho Pada dinamika seni di indonesia tahun 1943-1945’ (unpublished bachelorThesis, Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UIN Syarif HIdayatullah Jakarta, 2024) <https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/84256>

Mualim Sabri Munir, Proyek Sejarah Lisan Arsip Nasional RI (Sibolga, 1975), Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia

Oktorino, Nino, Ensiklopedi Pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia (PT. Elex Media Komputindo, 2013), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Posat Keboedajaan bagian Seni-Rupa, ‘Pertoendjokan Steleng’, Asia Raya (Djakarta, 20 April 1943), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Purnomo, Setianingsih, ‘Seni Rupa Masa Kolonial: Mooi Indie vs Persagi’, Ultimart: Jurnal Komunikasi Visual, 7.Vol 7 No 2 (2014): Ultimart: Jurnal Komunikasi Visual (2016), doi:https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimart.v7i2.391

Ricklefs, M. C., Sejarah Indonesia Modern 1200-2008, trans. by Tim Penerjemah Serambi, 1st edn (PT Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 2008)

‘Seni Rupa Indonesia pada Era Pendudukan Jepang dan Aspek Materialitas di Balik Aspirasi Ketimuran’, Komunitas Salihara, 28 May 2021 <https://salihara.org/seni-rupa-indonesia-pada-era-pendudukan-jepang-dan-aspek-materialitas-di-balik-aspirasi-ketimuran/>

Sharifah Faizah Syed Mohammed, ‘The History and Development of Lagu Seriosa in the Context of Musical Nationalism in Indonesia’ (Monash University, 2016) <https://bridges.monash.edu/articles/thesis/The_History_and_Development_of_Lagu_Seriosa_in_the_Context_of_Musical_Nationalism_in_Indonesia/4888025?file=20021657>

Soekiman, Djoko, Kebudayaan Indis dan Gaya Hidup Masyarakat yang Pendukungnya di Jawa (Abad XVIII - Medio Abad XX), Pertama (Yayasan Bentang Budaya, 2000), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

——, Kebudayaan Indis dari Zaman Kompeni sampai Revolusi, 2nd edn (Komunitas Bambu, 2014), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Sofansyah, Dio Yulian, Propaganda Romusha Sandiwara dari Jepang, I (Matapadi Presindo, 2019), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Suarta, I Made, Pengantar Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia: Sejarah dan Perkembangannya, 1st edn (Pustaka Larasan, 2022) <https://pbi.unismuh.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/E-Book_Pengantar-Bahasa-Sastra-Indonesia.pdf>

Sumardjo, Jakob, Perkembangan Teater Modern dan Sastra Drama Indonesia, 1st edn (PT. Citra Aditya Bakti, 1992), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Sumaryanto, Ensiklopedia Kesusastraan Indonesia, Digital (Anekailmu, 2019), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia (iPusnas)

Susanto, Budi, Politik penguasa dan siasat pemoeda : nasionalisme dan pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia, 1st edn (Kanisius, 1994), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Susanto, Mikke, ‘The Curatorship of Cultural Objects in Indonesia’, 2021 <http://digilib.isi.ac.id/10346/1/1.%20TEXT%20The%20Curatorship%20of%20Cultural%20Objects%20in%20Indonesia%20by%20Mikke%20Susanto%20TEXT.pdf>

Sutan Takdir Alisjahbana, ‘Menoedjoe Seni Baroe’, Poedjangga Baroe, 1933, Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia

Tjandrasasmita, Uka, Arkeologi Islam Nusantara, 1st edn (KPG (Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia), 2009)

Wardhana, Adi Putra Surya, ‘Propaganda Ideologi Bushido dalam Film Djagalah Tanah Djawa pada Masa Pendudukan Jepang’, Handep Jurnal Sejarah dan Budaya, 5.1 (2021), pp. 49–68, doi:10.33652/handep.v5i1.202

WM, Abdul Hadi, and others, Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Indonesia: Sastra dan Seni, 1st edn (Balai Pustaka, 2022), Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia (iPusnas)

Downloads

Published

2025-06-20

How to Cite

Siti Masriyani, & Nurul Azizah. (2025). The Role Of Keimin Bunka Shidosho In The Dynamics Of Art In Indonesia 1943-1945. Siginjai: Jurnal Sejarah, 5(1). Retrieved from https://mail.online-journal.unja.ac.id/siginjai/article/view/40471