Hierarki Musikal Nyanyian Mantra Nyaru dalam Ritual Asyeik di Kerinci: Pendekatan Analisis GTTM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/titian.v9i1.45963Keywords:
musik tradisional, mantra, ritual, GTTM, generatifAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji struktur hierarki dan sistem tonalitas dalam nyanyian mantra nyaru yang digunakan dalam ritual asyeik di Kerinci dengan menerapkan pendekatan analisis generatif (GTTM). Studi ini mengintegrasikan metode kualitatif melalui observasi partisipatif dan wawancara dengan pelaku ritual, serta metode kuantitatif melalui analisis notasi digital untuk mengidentifikasi grouping structure, metrical structure, time-span reduction, dan prolongational reduction dalam komposisi musik tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun mantra nyaru merupakan ekspresi spontan yang diwariskan secara lisan, terdapat struktur musikal yang kompleks dengan dominasi cabang kanan, di mana pola ketegangan dan resolusi tonal tampak jelas. Temuan ini mengungkap koherensi struktural yang mendasari mekanisme musikal dalam tradisi Kerinci serta membuka peluang untuk penelitian komparatif dan pengembangan model analisis musikal guna mendukung pelestarian budaya tradisional.
Abstract
This study investigates the hierarchical structure and tonal system inherent in the "mantra nyaru" chants performed during the asyeik ritual in Kerinci, employing a generative analytical approach based on the Generative Theory of Tonal Music (GTTM). The research integrates qualitative methods—through participatory observations and interviews with ritual practitioners—with quantitative techniques involving digital transcription analysis to identify grouping structures, metrical frameworks, time-span reduction, and prolongational reduction within the musical compositions. Findings reveal that although the mantra is an orally transmitted and seemingly spontaneous expression, it possesses a complex musical architecture marked by a dominant right-branch formation where clear tonal tensions and resolutions are discernible. These results underscore the structural coherence that underpins the musical mechanisms of the Kerinci tradition and provide a promising foundation for comparative studies and the development of analytical models aimed at enhancing the preservation of traditional culture.
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