Policespeak: Metode Interogasi dalam Serial Bertema Investigasi Kejahatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22437/titian.v8i2.37906Kata Kunci:
bahasa polisi, interogasi, investigasi kejahatan, linguistik forensikAbstrak
Investigasi untuk mengungkap kasus kejahatan memerlukan kolaborasi dari berbagai sumber. Setelah bukti dan saksi diidentifikasi, proses selanjutnya adalah mengundang tersangka ke tahap investigasi untuk mengumpulkan informasi penting dalam interogasi. Untuk mengisi celah penelitian yang ditinggalkan oleh penelitian sebelumnya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan metode interogasi yang digunakan oleh polisi saat menginterogasi tersangka dalam serial investigasi kejahatan dan mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi pemilihan metode tersebut dengan menggunakan taksonomi interogasi yang dikemukakan oleh Kelly et al (2013). Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Spradley (2016) dalam menganalisis data, yang terdiri dari domain, taksonomi, analisis komponen dan menemukan tema budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode interogasi yang digunakan dikategorikan menjadi dua kutub. Pertama, minimalisasi atau upaya mengurangi keseriusan dampak terhadap tersangka yang didasarkan pada prinsip kedekatan dan kerja sama seperti kolaborasi, dan membangun hubungan. Kedua, maksimalisasi atau upaya untuk menekankan keseriusan pelanggaran atau mengintimidasi tersangka seperti konfrontasi dan persaingan, penyajian bukti, manipulasi konteks dan provokasi emosi. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan metode tersebut adalah jenis kelamin dan usia tersangka dan interogator, perhatian publik dan pemerintah terhadap kasus kejahatan, dan karakteristik tersangka, apakah ia melawan atau kooperatif.
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